Adhikari Anish, DeJesus Sasha, Swe Nyein, Vaidean Georgeta, Nahrwold Rachel, Joshua John, Carrero-Tagle Monique, Wutawanashe Caleb, Hentz Roland, Lesser Martin, Gianos Eugenia
Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, Cardiovascular Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, USA.
Cardiovascular Prevention Forum, Miami, FL, USA.
Am Heart J Plus. 2024 Oct 11;47:100471. doi: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2024.100471. eCollection 2024 Nov.
There is an increasing trend in myocardial infarction (MI) hospitalizations in young individuals. The prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is high in this population. This study aims to assess the prevalence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors among young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) including novel lipid and dietary biomarkers with a focus on potential gender differences.
The Young Heart study is a prospective, single-center pilot cohort study. Baseline data included medical history, medications, and lifestyle factors. We also collected blood samples for lipid profile, lipoprotein (a), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).
A total of 60 patients aged <60 years with CAD (on coronary CT or invasive angiogram) were included in the study.
The median age was 51 years and predominantly male (70 %). Baseline assessment revealed a high prevalence of hypertension (76.7 %), hyperlipidemia (91.7 %), and obstructive CAD (88.3 %). 36.7 % had diabetes, 28.3 % had prediabetes, and 38.3 % had prior MI. Uncontrolled risk factors were prevalent, including increased waist circumference (54.6 %), metabolic syndrome (60.0 %), and LDL ≥70 mg/dL (47.5 %), Lp(a) ≥75 nmol/L (47.5 %). Furthermore, 41.7 % had hsCRP ≥2 mg/L, and 28.3 % had suboptimal TMAO levels. 70.0 % of patients were on guideline-directed doses of statins.
Young patients with CAD demonstrated a substantial burden of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The study findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve risk factor control and optimize lifestyle behaviors. Further investigation is warranted to assess the impact of these interventions on cardiovascular outcomes.
年轻人因心肌梗死（MI）住院的趋势呈上升态势。这一人群中可改变的心血管危险因素的患病率很高。本研究旨在评估年轻冠心病（CAD）患者中传统和非传统心血管危险因素的患病率，包括新型脂质和饮食生物标志物，并重点关注潜在的性别差异。
“年轻心脏”研究是一项前瞻性、单中心的试点队列研究。基线数据包括病史、用药情况和生活方式因素。我们还采集了血样以检测血脂谱、脂蛋白（a）、高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）和氧化三甲胺（TMAO）。
本研究共纳入60例年龄小于60岁的CAD患者（经冠状动脉CT或侵入性血管造影确诊）。
中位年龄为51岁，男性占主导（70%）。基线评估显示高血压患病率高（76.7%）、高脂血症患病率高（91.7%）以及阻塞性CAD患病率高（88.3%）。36.7%患有糖尿病，28.3%患有糖尿病前期，38.3%曾发生过MI。未得到控制的危险因素普遍存在，包括腰围增加（54.6%）、代谢综合征（60.0%）以及低密度脂蛋白≥70mg/dL（47.5%）、脂蛋白（a）≥75nmol/L（47.5%）。此外，41.7%的患者hsCRP≥2mg/L，28.3%的患者TMAO水平未达最佳。70.0%的患者接受了指南推荐剂量的他汀类药物治疗。
年轻CAD患者表现出传统和非传统心血管危险因素的沉重负担。研究结果强调需要进行有针对性的干预，以改善危险因素控制并优化生活方式行为。有必要进一步开展研究以评估这些干预措施对心血管结局的影响。
