Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Transpl Int. 2024 Oct 15;37:13473. doi: 10.3389/ti.2024.13473. eCollection 2024.
In xenotransplantation, the vascular endothelium serves as the first point of contact between the recipient's blood and the transplanted donor organ. The loss of the endothelium's ability to control the plasma cascades plays a critical role in the dysregulation of the complement and coagulation systems, which greatly contribute to graft rejection and hinder long-term xenograft survival. Although it is known that an intact glycocalyx is a key feature of a resting endothelium that exhibits optimal anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties, the role of the endothelial glycocalyx in xenotransplantation is barely investigated so far. Here, we discuss the central role of endothelial cells and the sugar-rich endothelial glycocalyx in regulating the plasma cascades, and how the loss of these functions contributes to graft damage and rejection. We highlight the importance of preserving the regulatory functions of both endothelial cells and the glycocalyx as strategies to improve xenotransplantation outcomes.
在异种移植中，血管内皮细胞作为受体血液与移植供体器官之间的第一个接触点。内皮细胞丧失控制血浆级联反应的能力，在补体和凝血系统失调中起着关键作用，这极大地促成了移植物排斥反应，并阻碍了异种移植物的长期存活。尽管已知完整的糖萼是处于休息状态的内皮细胞的一个关键特征，其表现出最佳的抗凝和抗炎特性，但到目前为止，内皮糖萼在异种移植中的作用几乎没有被研究过。在这里，我们讨论了内皮细胞和富含糖的内皮糖萼在调节血浆级联反应中的核心作用，以及这些功能的丧失如何导致移植物损伤和排斥反应。我们强调了保护内皮细胞和糖萼的调节功能的重要性，作为改善异种移植结果的策略。
