González-Roz Alba, Iza-Fernández Clara, Alemán-Moussa Layla, Secades-Villa Roberto
Addictive Behaviors Research Group (GCA), Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 33003, Spain.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2025 Jul;86(4):626-632. doi: 10.15288/jsad.24-00132. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Traffic accidents are one of the leading external causes of death among young people in Spain, and driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs (DUI) is a prime contributing factor. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of research looking at DUI risk factors in adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the past-year prevalence and correlates of DUI-alcohol (DUI-A), DUI-cannabis (DUI-C), and both (DUI-A+C) in adolescents who reported past-year alcohol and cannabis use.
The study sample comprised 3,175 (47.9% females; age [] = 16.76 [0.70]) Spanish adolescents from a national representative survey (ESTUDES) conducted by the Spanish Ministry of Health. Hierarchical regression models were conducted to identify correlates of DUI-A only, DUI-C only, and both behaviors, including sociodemographic, substance use, and parental control variables.
Past-year prevalence of DUI was 9.9% among past-year alcohol and cannabis users. Past-year DUI was more likely among males (15.4%) relative to females (6%), chi-squared = 73.39, = <.001, phi = .152. Being male and reporting higher past-month days of cannabis use and cannabis-related problems were common risk factors for DUI-C and DUI-A+C. Risk factors for DUI-A were the availability of more money for going out, higher past-month frequency of heavy drinking episodes, and lower past-month cannabis use days. Specific correlates of DUI-A+C were being 18, past-year simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, and earlier age at alcohol use initiation.
There is a need to address DUI in substance use prevention in school settings. Screening should be particularly focused on adolescent substance users, whereas interventions should target attitudes and risks of substance use and driving.
交通事故是西班牙年轻人主要的外部死因之一，而在酒精或其他药物影响下驾驶（酒驾）是一个主要促成因素。不幸的是，针对青少年酒驾风险因素的研究很少。本研究旨在估计过去一年中报告有酒精和大麻使用经历的青少年中酒驾（酒精）（DUI-A）、酒驾（大麻）（DUI-C）以及两者皆有（DUI-A+C）的患病率及其相关因素。
研究样本包括来自西班牙卫生部进行的一项全国代表性调查（ESTUDES）的3175名西班牙青少年（47.9%为女性；年龄[] = 16.76 [0.70]）。采用分层回归模型来确定仅DUI-A、仅DUI-C以及两种行为的相关因素，包括社会人口统计学、物质使用和父母控制变量。
在过去一年有酒精和大麻使用经历的人群中，过去一年酒驾的患病率为9.9%。过去一年中，男性（15.4%）酒驾的可能性高于女性（6%），卡方 = 73.39，P = <.001，phi = 0.152。男性以及报告过去一个月大麻使用天数较多和大麻相关问题是DUI-C和DUI-A+C的常见风险因素。DUI-A的风险因素包括有更多外出资金、过去一个月重度饮酒发作频率较高以及过去一个月大麻使用天数较少。DUI-A+C的特定相关因素包括年龄为18岁、过去一年同时使用酒精和大麻以及更早开始饮酒。
有必要在学校环境中的物质使用预防工作中解决酒驾问题。筛查应特别关注青少年物质使用者，而干预措施应针对物质使用和驾驶的态度及风险。
