Department of Agronomy, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Department of Agronomy, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Nov 15;287:117262. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117262. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
High selenium (Se) levels can induce toxicity, inhibit growth, and affect gene expression and metabolite content in plants. However, the molecular mechanism by which high Se stress affects soybean plants remains unclear. This study examined the responses of soybean leaves and roots to high Se stress using transcriptome and metabolome analyses. High Se stress significantly inhibited soybean root growth, reduced leaf area, and affected the antioxidant enzyme system in roots and leaves, resulting in the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). High Se stress increased indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) in the roots by 3.34-fold, 8.94-fold, 0.25-fold, and 5.65-fold, respectively. Similarly, high Se stress increased IAA, ABA, JA, and SA in the leaves by 1.96-fold, 10.54-fold, 2.03-fold, and 4.22-fold, respectively. In addition, high Se stress affected ion absorption and transport in soybean plants. Transcriptome results showed that there were 10,038 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in soybean roots and 5811 DEGs in leaves, which affected the expression of antioxidant enzymes, ion transport and hormone-related genes. Metabolome results revealed that there were 277 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in soybean leaves and 312 DEMs in roots. Soybean roots and leaves were significantly enriched in the "β-alanine metabolism" pathway under high Se stress, with differential expression of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), Amine oxidase (AO), and other related genes, thereby relieving oxidative stress. This study improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of soybean plants to high Se stress and provides a basis for breeding Se-enriched soybean plants.
高硒（Se）水平会导致毒性、抑制生长，并影响植物的基因表达和代谢物含量。然而，高 Se 胁迫影响大豆植株的分子机制尚不清楚。本研究通过转录组和代谢组分析，研究了大豆叶片和根系对高 Se 胁迫的反应。高 Se 胁迫显著抑制大豆根系生长，减少叶片面积，并影响根系和叶片中的抗氧化酶系统，导致丙二醛（MDA）积累。高 Se 胁迫使根系中吲哚乙酸（IAA）、脱落酸（ABA）、茉莉酸（JA）和水杨酸（SA）分别增加 3.34 倍、8.94 倍、0.25 倍和 5.65 倍。同样，高 Se 胁迫使叶片中 IAA、ABA、JA 和 SA 分别增加 1.96 倍、10.54 倍、2.03 倍和 4.22 倍。此外，高 Se 胁迫影响大豆植株的离子吸收和运输。转录组结果表明，大豆根系中有 10038 个差异表达基因（DEGs），叶片中有 5811 个 DEGs，这些基因影响抗氧化酶、离子转运和激素相关基因的表达。代谢组结果表明，大豆叶片中有 277 个差异表达代谢物（DEMs），根系中有 312 个 DEMs。在高 Se 胁迫下，大豆根系和叶片中显著富集了“β-丙氨酸代谢”途径，差异表达醛脱氢酶（ALDH）、胺氧化酶（AO）和其他相关基因，从而缓解氧化应激。本研究提高了我们对大豆植株对高 Se 胁迫反应的分子机制的理解，并为培育富 Se 大豆植物提供了依据。
