Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Environ Res. 2024 Dec 15;263(Pt 3):120258. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120258. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Afforestation exerts a profound impact on soil fungal communities, with the nature and extent of these changes significantly influenced by the specific tree species selected. While extensive research has addressed the aboveground ecological outcomes of afforestation, the nuanced interactions between tree species and soil fungal dynamics remain underexplored. This study investigated the effects of afforestation with Caragana microphylla (CMI), Populus simonii (PSI), and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (PSY) on soil fungal diversity, functional guilds, and co-occurrence networks, drawing comparisons with neighboring grasslands. Our findings reveal a significant increase in soil fungal Chao1 richness following afforestation, though the degree of enhancement varied across tree species. Specifically, CMI and PSI forests showed notable increases in fungal richness, whereas the response in PSY forests was comparatively modest. Saprotrophic fungal groups, integral to organic matter decomposition, showed a substantial increase across all afforested sites, with CMI forests exhibiting an impressive 205.58% rise. Conversely, pathogenic fungi, which can negatively impact plant health, demonstrated a marked decrease within plantation forests. Symbiotic groups, particularly ectomycorrhizal fungi, were notably enriched solely in PSI forests. Co-occurrence network analysis further indicated that afforestation alters fungal network complexity: CMI forests displayed increased network interactions, while PSI and PSY forests exhibited a reduction in network connectivity. Soil bulk density and organic carbon content emerged as key factors influencing network complexity, whereas tree species identity played a crucial role in shaping soil fungal community composition. Collectively, these results emphasize the importance of adopting a species-specific strategy for afforestation to optimize soil fungal diversity and network structure, ultimately enhancing the ecological resilience and sustainability of forest plantation ecosystems.
造林对土壤真菌群落产生深远影响，具体树种的选择对这些变化的性质和程度具有重要影响。虽然大量研究已经涉及造林的地上生态结果，但树种与土壤真菌动态之间的细微相互作用仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了柠条（CMI）、毛白杨（PSI）和樟子松（PSY）造林对土壤真菌多样性、功能类群和共生网络的影响，并与邻近草地进行了比较。研究结果表明，造林后土壤真菌 Chao1 丰富度显著增加，但不同树种的增强程度有所不同。具体来说，CMI 和 PSI 林分的真菌丰富度显著增加，而 PSY 林分的响应相对较小。作为有机物质分解的重要组成部分的腐生真菌类群在所有造林地都显著增加，其中 CMI 林分的增加幅度高达 205.58%。相反，对植物健康有负面影响的病原真菌在人工林内显著减少。共生真菌类群，特别是外生菌根真菌，仅在 PSI 林分中显著富集。共生网络分析进一步表明，造林改变了真菌网络的复杂性：CMI 林分显示出增加的网络相互作用，而 PSI 和 PSY 林分显示出网络连通性的降低。土壤容重和有机碳含量是影响网络复杂性的关键因素，而树种特性在塑造土壤真菌群落组成方面起着至关重要的作用。总之，这些结果强调了采用特定树种造林策略的重要性，以优化土壤真菌多样性和网络结构，从而增强森林人工林生态系统的生态恢复力和可持续性。
