Specialist Registrar Infectious Diseases, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 DC4A, Ireland.
Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 DC4A, Ireland.
Clin Med (Lond). 2024 Nov;24(6):100261. doi: 10.1016/j.clinme.2024.100261. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest health threats facing humanity and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, with a disproportionate impact on vulnerable groups of patients. The WHO set out its global action plan in 2015 and most countries have their own national plans, which take a whole system One Health approach that includes infection prevention and optimising the use of antimicrobials through stewardship programmes and diagnostics. In hospitals, antimicrobials are some of the most commonly prescribed medications, creating significant selection pressure for emerging resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in hospitals comprises a set of structured interventions that seek to optimise the benefits of treatments while limiting the harms. AMS is effective and has proven benefits such as improved outcomes and reduced spread of resistance in hospitals. This paper highlights key principles for antimicrobial prescribing and highlights recent evidence, some of which has been practice changing.
世界卫生组织（WHO）表示，抗菌药物耐药性是人类面临的最大健康威胁之一，它导致了大量的发病和死亡，对弱势患者群体的影响尤为严重。WHO 在 2015 年制定了全球行动计划，大多数国家都有自己的国家计划，这些计划采取了全系统“同一健康”方法，包括感染预防和通过管理计划和诊断来优化抗菌药物的使用。在医院中，抗菌药物是最常用的处方药物之一，这对新出现的耐药性产生了巨大的选择压力。医院中的抗菌药物管理（AMS）包括一组旨在优化治疗效果同时限制危害的结构化干预措施。AMS 是有效的，并且已经证明了其益处，例如改善了医院的治疗效果和减少了耐药性的传播。本文强调了抗菌药物处方的关键原则，并强调了最近的证据，其中一些证据已经改变了实践。
