Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 31;14(1):26197. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78087-x.
This study investigates the intricate factors influencing meat quality, including breed, rearing conditions, and processing, with a primary focus on oxidative stress in Holstein Friesian and Simmental cattle within conventional and intensive production systems. A notable difference in oxidative stress was found between animals subjected to intensive-farming versus conventional practices, with Holstein cattle showing a more pronounced antioxidant gene response than Simmental. The analysis revealed that intensive rearing conditions resulted in increased DNA repair activity and expression of stress-response proteins like heat shock proteins, suggestive of greater cellular damage and an adaptive stress response. Muscle tissue analyses, revealed a clear distinction in gene expression associated with meat quality between the breeds and the type of farming system. A negative correlation emerged between oxidative stress levels and genes related to muscle development, which affects meat quality. Intensive farming conditions altered the expressions of apoptotic proteins, impacting meat quality at the molecular level. These results underscore the profound effect rearing conditions have on meat quality, driven by stress-related molecular responses. This highlights the need for further research into the influence of husbandry practices on animal welfare and meat quality, with the intention of developing strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of intensive-farming.
本研究调查了影响肉质的复杂因素，包括品种、饲养条件和加工，主要关注常规和密集生产系统中荷斯坦弗里森和西门塔尔牛的氧化应激。在密集养殖与常规养殖的动物之间，氧化应激存在显著差异，荷斯坦牛的抗氧化基因反应比西门塔尔牛更为明显。分析表明，密集的饲养条件导致 DNA 修复活性增加，应激反应蛋白（如热休克蛋白）的表达增加，这表明细胞损伤更大，适应应激反应。肌肉组织分析显示，品种和养殖系统之间与肉质相关的基因表达存在明显差异。氧化应激水平与与肌肉发育相关的基因呈负相关，这会影响肉质。密集的养殖条件改变了凋亡蛋白的表达，从而在分子水平上影响肉质。这些结果强调了饲养条件通过与应激相关的分子反应对肉质产生的深远影响。这凸显了进一步研究养殖实践对动物福利和肉质影响的必要性，旨在制定减轻密集养殖负面影响的策略。
