Sahoo Liza, Paikray Safal Kumar, Tripathy Nigam Sekhar, Fernandes Donald, Dilnawaz Fahima
School of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India.
, Toronto, Canada.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Mar;398(3):2587-2608. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03559-w. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
Gliomas are brain tumors mainly derived from glial cells that are difficult to treat and cause high mortality. Radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical excision are the conventional treatments for gliomas. Patients who have surgery or have undergone chemotherapy for glioma treatment have poor prognosis with tumor recurrence. In particular, for glioblastoma, the 5-year average survival rate is 4-7%, and the median survival is 12-18 months. A number of issues hinder effective treatment such as, poor surgical resection, tumor heterogeneity, insufficient drug penetration across the blood-brain barrier, multidrug resistance, and difficulties with drug specificity. Nanotheranostic-mediated drug delivery is becoming a well-researched consideration, and an efficient non-invasive method for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs to the target area. Theranostic nanomedicines, which incorporate therapeutic drugs and imaging agents for personalized therapies, can be used for preventing overdose of non-responders. Through the identification of massive and complicated information from next-generation sequencing, machine learning enables for precise prediction of therapeutic outcomes and post-treatment management for patients with cancer. This article gives a thorough overview of nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery with a brief introduction to drug delivery challenges. In addition, this assessment offers a current summary of preclinical and clinical research on nanomedicines for gliomas. In the future, nanotheranostics will provide personalized treatment for gliomas and other treatable cancers.
神经胶质瘤是主要起源于神经胶质细胞的脑肿瘤，难以治疗且死亡率高。放疗、化疗和手术切除是神经胶质瘤的传统治疗方法。接受手术或化疗治疗神经胶质瘤的患者预后较差，肿瘤易复发。特别是胶质母细胞瘤，5年平均生存率为4-7%，中位生存期为12-18个月。一些问题阻碍了有效治疗，如手术切除不彻底、肿瘤异质性、药物透过血脑屏障不足、多药耐药以及药物特异性问题。纳米诊疗介导的药物递送正成为一个深入研究的方向，是一种将化疗药物递送至靶区域的高效非侵入性方法。治疗诊断纳米药物结合了治疗药物和成像剂用于个性化治疗，可用于防止无反应者用药过量。通过从下一代测序中识别大量复杂信息，机器学习能够精确预测癌症患者的治疗结果和治疗后管理。本文全面概述了纳米载体介导的药物递送，并简要介绍了药物递送面临的挑战。此外，本评估提供了神经胶质瘤纳米药物临床前和临床研究的当前总结。未来，纳米诊疗将为神经胶质瘤和其他可治疗癌症提供个性化治疗。
