Lipowski Z J
Can J Psychiatry. 1986 Feb;31(1):8-13. doi: 10.1177/070674378603100103.
The first historical phase of psychosomatic medicine was largely dominated by the psychoanalytic approach to research and theory. The current phase has shown a radical shift away from that approach. It has focused on the study of the physiological mechanisms mediating between psychological states and body functions in health and disease, and on the role of personally meaningful life events and psychophysiological responses to them in the etiology, course, and outcome of a wide range of physical illnesses. The concepts of psychosocial stress, psychophysiological response specificity, coping, adaptation, and social supports predominate in psychosomatic theory. Research has grown in scope, diversity, and methodological sophistication. Concurrently, clinical application and the psychosomatic approach to patient care has expanded in the form of consultation-liaison psychiatry and behavioural medicine. The author reviews the current state of the field in its scientific and clinical aspects, and offers definitions delineating its scope.
心身医学的第一个历史阶段在很大程度上由精神分析研究方法和理论主导。当前阶段已显示出与该方法的彻底转变。它专注于研究在健康和疾病状态下心理状态与身体功能之间起中介作用的生理机制，以及个人有意义的生活事件和对这些事件的心理生理反应在多种身体疾病的病因、病程和结局中的作用。心理社会应激、心理生理反应特异性、应对、适应和社会支持等概念在心身理论中占主导地位。研究在范围、多样性和方法复杂性方面都有所增长。与此同时，临床应用以及以会诊联络精神病学和行为医学形式出现的患者护理心身方法也得到了扩展。作者回顾了该领域在科学和临床方面的现状，并给出了界定其范围的定义。
