Lipowski Z J
Can J Psychiatry. 1986 Feb;31(1):2-7. doi: 10.1177/070674378603100102.
Psychosomatic Medicine as an organized field of scientific inquiry and a mode of approach to patient care has existed for 50 years. It has focused on the study of the interaction of psychosocial and biological factors in health and disease. Despite its relatively recent origin, this field continues a long tradition in Western thought and medicine, one concerned with the reciprocal relationship of mind and body as two integral aspects of the human organism. That tradition goes back to ancient Greece and represents a counterpoint to the dualistic and reductionistic conceptions. Psychosomatic medicine merged as a reaction against them and as an organized attempt to subject various aspects of mind-body relationship in health and disease to scientific inquiry. Three major methodological approaches to such inquiry have been employed: the psychoanalytic, the psychophysiological, and the psychobiological. The author discusses the relative contributions of these approaches in the first phase in the development of psychosomatic medicine, i.e. between circa 1930 and 1960.
作为一个有组织的科学探究领域和一种患者护理方法，心身医学已经存在了50年。它专注于研究心理社会因素与生物因素在健康和疾病中的相互作用。尽管这个领域起源相对较晚，但它延续了西方思想和医学中的悠久传统，即关注作为人类有机体两个不可或缺方面的身心之间的相互关系。这个传统可以追溯到古希腊，是对二元论和还原论观念的一种制衡。心身医学的出现是对它们的一种回应，也是将健康和疾病中身心关系的各个方面置于科学探究之下的一次有组织的尝试。已经采用了三种主要的探究方法：精神分析方法、心理生理学方法和心理生物学方法。作者讨论了这些方法在1930年左右到1960年左右心身医学发展的第一阶段中的相对贡献。
