School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia.
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia.
Environ Res. 2024 Dec 15;263(Pt 3):120263. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120263. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Flood disasters are projected to increase in severity, duration, and frequency in the context of climate change, and the risks of mortality and morbidity may increase after floods, which will overwhelm health systems.
This study aims to synthesize current epidemiological evidence about the impacts of floods on mortality and morbidity.
After performing a systematic literature search from 2000 to 2023, we included studies involving human participants, with exposures of floods, and with outcomes of mortality or morbidity.
In total, 37 studies were included in evidence syntheses. Meta-analyses yielded an overall relative risk of 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10, 1.46), 1.10 (1.08, 1.13), 1.11 (1.04, 1.20), and 1.38 (1.18, 1.62) for all-cause mortality and morbidities of overall gastrointestinal diseases, diarrhea diseases, and dysentery, respectively. Although meta-analyses were not conducted, evidence from at least three studies consistently supported that exposure to floods was associated with increased risks of malaria and respiratory diseases. The evidence for other outcomes was reported but either limited or uncertain.
This study suggests that exposure to floods is associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and morbidities of overall gastrointestinal diseases, diarrhea diseases, dysentery, malaria, and respiratory diseases, while further research is urgently called.
在气候变化的背景下，洪水的严重程度、持续时间和频率预计将会增加，而洪水过后的死亡率和发病率风险可能会增加，这将使卫生系统不堪重负。
本研究旨在综合当前有关洪水对死亡率和发病率影响的流行病学证据。
我们从 2000 年到 2023 年进行了系统的文献检索，纳入了涉及人类参与者、洪水暴露和死亡率或发病率结局的研究。
共有 37 项研究纳入证据综合分析。荟萃分析得出的总体相对风险分别为 1.26（95%置信区间：1.10，1.46）、1.10（1.08，1.13）、1.11（1.04，1.20）和 1.38（1.18，1.62），分别用于全因死亡率和整体胃肠道疾病、腹泻病和痢疾的发病率。虽然没有进行荟萃分析，但至少有三项研究的证据一致表明，暴露于洪水中与疟疾和呼吸道疾病风险增加相关。其他结局的证据也有报道，但有限或不确定。
本研究表明，暴露于洪水中与全因死亡率和整体胃肠道疾病、腹泻病、痢疾、疟疾和呼吸道疾病的发病率增加相关，因此迫切需要进一步研究。
