Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 2094 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 2094 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Life Sci. 2024 Dec 1;358:123188. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123188. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a prevalent complication associated with radiotherapy for thoracic tumors. Based on the pathological progression, it can be categorized into two stages: early radiation pneumonitis and late radiation pulmonary fibrosis. The occurrence of RILI not only constrains the therapeutic dose that can be administered to the tumor target area but also significantly impairs patients' health and quality of life, thereby limiting the efficacy and applicability of radiotherapy. To effectively prevent and mitigate the development of RILI, it is crucial to disclose its underlying mechanisms. This review aims to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved in RILI and to examine the roles of various cell types, including lung parenchymal cells and different immune cells. The functions and interactions of lung epithelial cells, pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, a variety of immune cells, and fibroblasts during different stages of inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis following radiation-induced lung injury are analyzed. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic changes in these cellular components is anticipated to offer new strategies for the prevention of RILI.
放射性肺损伤（RILI）是胸部肿瘤放射治疗相关的常见并发症。根据病理进展，它可分为两个阶段：早期放射性肺炎和晚期放射性肺纤维化。RILI 的发生不仅限制了可以给予肿瘤靶区的治疗剂量，而且还显著损害了患者的健康和生活质量，从而限制了放射治疗的疗效和适用性。为了有效预防和减轻 RILI 的发展，揭示其潜在机制至关重要。本综述旨在阐明 RILI 涉及的具体机制，并研究各种细胞类型，包括肺实质细胞和不同免疫细胞在其中的作用。分析了肺上皮细胞、肺血管内皮细胞、多种免疫细胞和成纤维细胞在辐射诱导的肺损伤后炎症、组织修复和纤维化的不同阶段的功能和相互作用。全面了解这些细胞成分的动态变化，有望为预防 RILI 提供新的策略。
