Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Department of Radiotherapy, Lianshui People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223400, China; Jiangsu Nursing Vocational and Technical College, Huai'an 223400, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Jan 5;126:111263. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111263. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
Radiation therapy is one of the primary treatments for thoracic malignancies, with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) emerging as its most prevalent complication. RILI encompasses early-stage radiation pneumonitis (RP) and the subsequent development of radiation pulmonary fibrosis (RPF). During radiation treatment, not only are tumor cells targeted, but normal tissue cells, including alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, also sustain damage. Within the lungs, ionizing radiation boosts the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species across various cell types. This elevation precipitates the release of cytokines and chemokines, coupled with the infiltration of inflammatory cells, culminating in the onset of RP. This pulmonary inflammatory response can persist, spanning a duration from several months to years, ultimately progressing to RPF. This review aims to explore the alterations in cytokine and chemokine release and the influx of immune cells post-ionizing radiation exposure in the lungs, offering insights for the prevention and management of RILI.
放射治疗是治疗胸部恶性肿瘤的主要方法之一，其中放射诱导的肺损伤（RILI）是最常见的并发症。RILI 包括早期放射性肺炎（RP）和随后发生的放射性肺纤维化（RPF）。在放射治疗过程中，不仅肿瘤细胞受到靶向，正常组织细胞，包括肺泡上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞，也受到损伤。在肺部，电离辐射会增加各种细胞类型的细胞内活性氧物质的水平。这种升高引发细胞因子和趋化因子的释放，加上炎症细胞的浸润，最终导致 RP 的发生。这种肺部炎症反应可能持续存在，从几个月到几年不等，最终进展为 RPF。本综述旨在探讨电离辐射后肺部细胞因子和趋化因子释放以及免疫细胞浸润的变化，为 RILI 的预防和治疗提供思路。
