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基于特征模分析的超宽带圆极化平面单极子天线设计

Design of a UWB circularly-polarized planar monopole antenna using characteristic mode analysis.

作者信息

Heo Hyuk, Kang Myeong-Jun, Park Seoungyong, Lee Jisu, Qu Longyue, Jung Kyung-Young

机构信息

Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.

School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 31;14(1):26236. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78131-w.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-78131-w
PMID:39482368
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11528037/
Abstract

This study presents a circularly-polarized (CP) planar monopole antenna designed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications using characteristic mode analysis (CMA). Initially, a planar monopole antenna with a crescent moon-shaped radiator and a circular open-loop on an FR-4 substrate was designed to achieve wideband characteristics, however, this antenna only satisfied a 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth within the 8.78-9.4 GHz range. To enhance the AR bandwidth, a triangular slit, a shark fin-shaped stub, and an L-shaped strip were added to the ground plane, generating orthogonal modes in the desired frequency band using CMA. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 30 × 24 × 1.6 mm (0.58 × 0.46 × 0.031 λ₀). The - 10 dB S bandwidth is 5.73-10.78 GHz (61.21%) and the 3 dB AR bandwidth is 6-11.12 GHz (59.81%), achieving overlapped bandwidth from 6 to 10.78 GHz (56.9%). The proposed antenna has a realized gain 2.4-5.4 dBi and an average efficiency of 80% within the target frequency. A time-domain analysis, including group delay and system fidelity factor, is conducted to evaluate performance. The fabricated antenna demonstrates omnidirectional radiation patterns at various frequencies and performs well in both the time and frequency domains.

摘要

本研究提出了一种采用特征模式分析（CMA）设计的用于超宽带（UWB）应用的圆极化（CP）平面单极天线。最初，设计了一种在FR-4基板上带有新月形辐射器和圆形开环的平面单极天线，以实现宽带特性，然而，该天线仅在8.78 - 9.4 GHz范围内满足3 dB轴比（AR）带宽。为了增强AR带宽，在接地平面上添加了一个三角形缝隙、一个鲨鱼鳍形短截线和一个L形条带，利用CMA在所需频带内产生正交模式。所提出天线的整体尺寸为30×24×1.6 mm（0.58×0.46×0.031 λ₀）。-10 dB S带宽为5.73 - 10.78 GHz（61.21%），3 dB AR带宽为6 - 11.12 GHz（59.81%），在6至10.78 GHz范围内实现了重叠带宽（56.9%）。所提出的天线在目标频率内实现增益为2.4 - 5.4 dBi，平均效率为80%。进行了包括群延迟和系统保真度因子的时域分析以评估性能。制作的天线在各个频率下均呈现全向辐射方向图，并且在时域和频域中均表现良好。

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