不同猪种背最长肌中脂质谱、营养成分和挥发性化合物的转录组和靶向代谢组分析

Transcriptome and targeted metabolome analysis of lipid profiles, nutrients compositions and volatile compounds in longissimus dorsi of different pig breeds.

作者信息

Luo Zhen, Lai Ting, Fan Yijia, Yu Chengbin, Li Wei, Li Meng, Lei Shenghui, Zhang Jing, Xu Weina, Wang Zhe, Xu Jianxiong

机构信息

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

出版信息

Anim Biosci. 2025 May;38(5):1053-1066. doi: 10.5713/ab.24.0564. Epub 2024 Oct 28.

DOI:10.5713/ab.24.0564

PMID:39483008

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12062803/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Improving meat quality is important for commercial production and breeding. The molecular mechanism of intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition and meat characteristics require further study.

METHODS

This study aimed to study the mechanism of IMF deposition and meat characteristics including redox potential, nutrients compositions and volatile compounds in longissimus dorsi (LD) by comparing with different pig breeds including Shanghai white (SW), Duroc×(Landrace Yorkshire) (DLY) and Laiwu (LW) pigs.

RESULTS

Results showed that the contents of IMF, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and redox potential parameters were lower, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were higher in LD of SW pigs compared with LW pigs (p<0.05). No differences were observed about these parameters between SW and DLY pigs. Also, the contents of medium-long chain fatty acids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were higher, while Asp was lower in LD of SW pigs compared with LW pigs (p<0.05). Volatile compounds results showed that 6 ketones, 4 alkenes, 11 alkanes, 2 aldehydes, 1 alcohol were increased, and cholesterol was decreased in SW pigs compared with LW pigs. Transcriptome results showed that differential expressed genes involved in lipid synthesis, metabolism and transport in LD between SW and LW pigs, which were further verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Spearman correlation showed that HSL and Nedd4 were positively related to contents of TG and IMF, while negatively related to volatile compounds and fatty acids (p<0.05). Plin3 and Mgll were negatively related to contents of TG, IMF and cholesterol, while positively related to MDA, LDH, and volatile compounds (p<0.05). PPARA was negatively related to contents of TC and IMF, and activity of superoxide dismutase, while positively related to volatile compounds (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Our study provided new insights into potential mechanisms of IMF deposition, nutrients composition and volatile compounds of muscular tissues of different pig breeds.

摘要

目的

改善肉质对商业生产和育种至关重要。肌内脂肪（IMF）沉积和肉品质的分子机制有待进一步研究。

方法

本研究旨在通过比较不同猪种，包括上海白猪（SW）、杜洛克×（长白约克夏）（DLY）和莱芜猪（LW），研究背最长肌（LD）中IMF沉积和肉品质（包括氧化还原电位、营养成分和挥发性化合物）的机制。

结果

结果表明，与LW猪相比，SW猪LD中的IMF、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）含量以及氧化还原电位参数较低，而丙二醛（MDA）含量和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性较高（p<0.05）。SW和DLY猪之间这些参数未观察到差异。此外，与LW猪相比，SW猪LD中的中长链脂肪酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）含量较高，而天冬氨酸含量较低（p<0.05）。挥发性化合物结果表明，与LW猪相比，SW猪中6种酮、4种烯烃、11种烷烃、2种醛、1种醇增加而胆固醇减少。转录组结果表明，SW和LW猪LD中参与脂质合成、代谢和转运的差异表达基因，通过定量聚合酶链反应进一步验证。Spearman相关性表明，激素敏感脂肪酶（HSL）和Nedd4与TG和IMF含量呈正相关，而与挥发性化合物和脂肪酸呈负相关（p<0.05）。脂肪滴包被蛋白3（Plin3）和单酰甘油脂肪酶（Mgll）与TG、IMF和胆固醇含量呈负相关，而与MDA、LDH和挥发性化合物呈正相关（p<0.05）。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARA）与TC和IMF含量以及超氧化物歧化酶活性呈负相关，而与挥发性化合物呈正相关（p<0.05）。