Zhang Yong, Chang Minghang, Xue Qiang, Wang Hongyu, Liu Yuanyuan, Wei Haidong, Li Jianhong
College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Anim Biosci. 2025 Apr;38(4):775-787. doi: 10.5713/ab.24.0389. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
This study aimed to investigate whether intermittent cold stimulation can induce adaptation in broilers to acute cold stress (ACS) by regulating the lipid metabolism of hearts.
CS0 were kept at normal rearing temperature, while CS3 and CS5 were exposed to 3°C for 3 and 5 hours, respectively, on alternate days lower than CS0 from 15d to 35d. On 50d, broilers in three groups were exposed to ACS at 10°C for 12 hours (Y12). The levels of corticosterone (CORT) and liothyronine (T3), mRNA and protein levels of heart adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathway genes were assessed at 36 d, 50 d and Y12.
At 36d, mRNA levels of AMPKα, acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), mTOR, sterolregulatory element binding protein (SREBP), stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD), acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and protein level of peroxisome proliferatorsactivated receptor α (PPARα) in CS3 and CS5 were significantly lower than those in CS0 (p<0.05). At 50d, compared to CS0, mRNA levels of PPARα, carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (CPT1), ACO, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), SREBP and SCD, as well as protein levels of p-AMPKα/AMPKα, PPARα and SREBP were significantly increased in CS5 (p<0.05). At Y12, the levels of T3 in CS3 and CS5 were significantly higher than those in CS0 (p<0.05), mRNA levels of CPT1, ACO, SREBP, SCD and protein levels of p-AMPKα/AMPKα, SREBP, and FAS were significantly higher in CS5 than in CS0 and CS3 (p<0.05). However, compared to 50d, at Y12, mRNA levels of AMPKα, CPT1 and ACO in CS3 and CS5 significantly decreased (p<0.05), while protein levels of p-AMPKα/AMPKα significantly increased (p<0.05).
This study suggested that intermittent cold stimulation at 3°C lower than normal rearing temperature for 5h could help broilers adapt to the ACS by promoting heart lipid metabolism.
本研究旨在探讨间歇性冷刺激是否能通过调节心脏脂质代谢诱导肉鸡适应急性冷应激（ACS）。
CS0组在正常饲养温度下饲养，而CS3组和CS5组在15日龄至35日龄期间，每隔一天分别在比CS0组低3°C的温度下暴露3小时和5小时。在50日龄时，三组肉鸡在10°C下暴露于急性冷应激12小时（Y12）。在36日龄、50日龄和Y12时评估皮质酮（CORT）和三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）水平、心脏腺苷单磷酸（AMP）激活蛋白激酶/雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶蛋白（AMPK/mTOR）信号通路基因的mRNA和蛋白水平。
在36日龄时，CS3组和CS5组中AMPKα、酰基辅酶A氧化酶（ACO）、mTOR、固醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBP）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（SCD）、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）、脂肪酸合酶（FAS）的mRNA水平以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）的蛋白水平均显著低于CS0组（p<0.05）。在50日龄时，与CS0组相比，CS5组中PPARα、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1（CPT1）、ACO、结节性硬化复合物（TSC）、SREBP和SCD的mRNA水平以及p-AMPKα/AMPKα、PPARα和SREBP的蛋白水平均显著升高（p<0.05）。在Y12时，CS3组和CS5组中T3水平显著高于CS0组（p<0.05），CS5组中CPT1、ACO、SREBP、SCD的mRNA水平以及p-AMPKα/AMPKα、SREBP和FAS的蛋白水平均显著高于CS0组和CS3组（p<0.05）。然而，与50日龄相比，在Y12时，CS3组和CS5组中AMPKα、CPT1和ACO的mRNA水平显著降低（p<0.05），而p-AMPKα/AMPKα的蛋白水平显著升高（p<0.05）。
本研究表明，在比正常饲养温度低3°C的条件下进行5小时的间歇性冷刺激，可通过促进心脏脂质代谢帮助肉鸡适应急性冷应激。
