Gunun Pongsatorn, Laorodphan Norakamol, Phayom Warachit, Kaewwongsa Walailuck, Kaewpila Chatchai, Khota Waroon, Gunun Nirawan
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand.
Animal Science and Aquaculture Program, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
Anim Biosci. 2025 Apr;38(4):665-672. doi: 10.5713/ab.24.0287. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rumen-protected rubber seed oil (RPRSO) supplementation on feed digestibility, milk yield, and milk composition in tropical dairy cows.
Twelve crossbred Holstien-Friesian dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian, 25% Thai native breed) with a mean body weight of 460±30 kg and 20±5 days in milk were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments according to a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: a basal diet without rumen-protected fat (RPF) (control) or supplementation of rumen-protected palm oil (RPPO) at 300 g/h/d and RPRSO at 300 g/h/d. Each cow was fed a total mixed ration ad libitum.
The nutrient intake was similar among treatments (p>0.05). Adding RPF did not affect nutrient digestibility, while organic matter (OM) digestibility increased in dairy cows receiving RPRSO (p<0.01). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein, or glucose did not alter among treatments (p>0.05), while triglycerides and cholesterol were increased when cows were fed RPPO (p<0.01). Adding RPF increases milk yield in cows (p<0.01). The supplementation of RPRSO increased milk fat (p = 0.04). Milk fat yield was higher in RPPO and highest in RPRSO (p<0.01). The addition of RPF increased the oleic acid (OA, C18:1 cis-9) in milk (p = 0.01). In addition, cows fed RPRSO increased linoleic acid (LA; C18:2ω6 cis-9,12+trans-9,12) and α-linolenic acid (ALA; C18-3ω3 cis-9,12,15) in milk (p<0.01). The addition of RPF increased milk unsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids (p≤0.04). The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in milk increased with RPRSO supplementation (p<0.01).
Supplementation of RPRSO during early lactation can increase feed digestibility and the concentration of milk fat with PUFA (LA and ALA) in tropical dairy cows.
本研究旨在确定补充瘤胃保护橡胶籽油（RPRSO）对热带奶牛饲料消化率、产奶量和乳成分的影响。
12头杂交荷斯坦-弗里生奶牛（75%荷斯坦-弗里生，25%泰国本土品种），平均体重460±30千克，产奶20±5天，根据完全随机设计随机分为3种处理中的1种。处理如下：不添加瘤胃保护脂肪（RPF）的基础日粮（对照），或每天每头补充300克瘤胃保护棕榈油（RPPO）和300克瘤胃保护橡胶籽油（RPRSO）。每头奶牛自由采食全混合日粮。
各处理间营养物质摄入量相似（p>0.05）。添加RPF不影响营养物质消化率，而接受RPRSO的奶牛有机物质（OM）消化率提高（p<0.01）。各处理间血尿素氮（BUN）、总蛋白或葡萄糖无变化（p>0.05），而饲喂RPPO的奶牛甘油三酯和胆固醇升高（p<0.01）。添加RPF可提高奶牛产奶量（p<0.01）。补充RPRSO可提高乳脂肪含量（p = 0.04）。RPPO组乳脂肪产量较高，RPRSO组最高（p<0.01）。添加RPF可提高乳中油酸（OA，C18:1顺-9）含量（p = 0.01）。此外，饲喂RPRSO的奶牛乳中亚油酸（LA；C18:2ω6顺-9,12+反-9,12）和α-亚麻酸（ALA；C18-3ω3顺-9,12,15）含量升高（p<0.01）。添加RPF可提高乳中不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量（p≤0.04）。补充RPRSO可提高乳中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量（p<0.01）。
在热带奶牛泌乳早期补充RPRSO可提高饲料消化率，并增加乳中含多不饱和脂肪酸（LA和ALA）的乳脂肪浓度。
