日本跨性别者的性健康护理障碍与艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防
Sexual health care barriers and HIV/STI prevention for transgender people in Japan.
作者信息
Ikebukuro Shin, Shiojiri Daisuke, Gatanaga Hiroyuki
机构信息
Personal Health Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
The Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection Kumamoto University Campus, Kumamoto, Japan.
出版信息
Glob Health Med. 2024 Oct 31;6(5):352-356. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2024.01045.
Primary care and sexual health services for transgender people in Japan are lacking. We surveyed 233 transgender patients (57 [24.5%] assigned male at birth [AMABs] and 176 [75.5%] assigned female at birth [AFABs]) at the Personal Health Clinic to collect data on sexually transmitted infections (STI) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk, as well as lifestyle, stigma, and health literacy. Among respondents, 55% reported a sexual intercourse history, and 7.6% noted a previous STI. Only 62.2% underwent free STI testing. Current smoking rates were 19.3% higher in AFABs. Hospital visit hesitation was reported by 59.6%, and 83.3% experienced daily mental struggles. Awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure prophylaxis was low. Our findings highlight the urgent need for improved primary care and sexual health services for transgender people in Japan, emphasizing the necessity to increase sexual health care facilities, reduce primary care access barriers, and improve knowledge among health care providers.
日本缺乏针对跨性别者的初级保健和性健康服务。我们在个人健康诊所对233名跨性别患者进行了调查（57名[24.5%]出生时被指定为男性[AMABs]，176名[75.5%]出生时被指定为女性[AFABs]），以收集有关性传播感染（STI）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）风险的数据，以及生活方式、耻辱感和健康素养方面的数据。在受访者中，55%报告有性交史，7.6%指出曾感染性传播感染。只有62.2%接受了免费的性传播感染检测。AFABs的当前吸烟率高19.3%。59.6%的人报告有就医犹豫，83.3%的人每天都有心理困扰。暴露后预防和暴露前预防的知晓率较低。我们的研究结果凸显了日本迫切需要改善针对跨性别者的初级保健和性健康服务，强调有必要增加性健康保健设施、减少初级保健获取障碍，并提高医疗保健提供者的知识水平。
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