M Ravichandran Shreya, M McFadden William, A Snyder Alexa, G Sarafianos Stefan
Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Glob Health Med. 2024 Oct 31;6(5):285-294. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2024.01049.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) impacts millions of individuals worldwide, and well over 2/3 of those living with HIV are accessing antiviral therapies that are successfully repressing viral replication. Most often, HIV treatments and prevention are administered in the form of daily pills as combinations of multiple drugs. An emergent and effective strategy for suppressing viral replication is the application of long-acting antiretroviral therapy (LAART), or antivirals that require less-frequent, non-daily doses. Thus far, the repertoire of LAARTs includes the widely used antiviral classes of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and has recently expanded to include a capsid-targeting antiviral. Possible future additions are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitors (NRTTIs). Here, we discuss the different strategies of using long-acting compounds to treat or prevent HIV-1 infection by targeting reverse transcriptase, integrase, and capsid.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）影响着全球数百万人，超过三分之二的HIV感染者正在接受能够成功抑制病毒复制的抗病毒治疗。大多数情况下，HIV治疗和预防是以每日服用多种药物组合而成的药丸形式进行的。一种新兴且有效的抑制病毒复制的策略是应用长效抗逆转录病毒疗法（LAART），即需要较少频率、非每日给药的抗病毒药物。到目前为止，长效抗逆转录病毒疗法的药物种类包括广泛使用的非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs）和整合酶链转移抑制剂（INSTIs），最近又扩展到包括一种靶向衣壳的抗病毒药物。未来可能增加的药物种类是核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）和核苷类逆转录酶易位抑制剂（NRTTIs）。在此，我们讨论通过靶向逆转录酶、整合酶和衣壳，使用长效化合物治疗或预防HIV-1感染的不同策略。
