Lovia Allotey-Babington Grace, Akwo Kretchy Irene, Julius Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac, Kyiafi Oppong-Beniako Maame, Kufoalor Obed, Adjei Adjetey Gilnel, Agyapong Mintah Michael, Nettey Henry
Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 43 Legon, Ghana.
Department of Pharmacy Practice and clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 43 Legon, Ghana.
Innov Pharm. 2024 Aug 21;15(3). doi: 10.24926/iip.v15i3.6197. eCollection 2024.
Pressure ulcers (PU) arise from prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissue due to pathological changes in blood flow. They usually develop in people who are immobilized due to certain medical conditions. The incidence of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardio-vascular diseases are on the ascendency. These conditions, if not managed adequately could render patients incapacitated, leaving them bedridden for long periods. The chances of these individuals developing PU are very high. Currently in Ghana, information on medications for the management of various stages of PU are not readily available. Prevention of PU has been the goal of nursing care, however, in the case where preventive care is not successful, there should be effective and efficient medications for the management of the PU. The study design was descriptive cross-sectional. To get a good representation of the availability of PU medications in the entire metropolis, a stratified sampling approach was used. The 10 districts within the metropolitan area were taken as the strata. Towns within each district were identified, and mapped out. From each town, community pharmacies were randomly selected. It was ensured that pharmacies selected were well spread out (located distance apart). Researchers had to collect data from three or more pharmacies from each town. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from pharmacists working in these pharmacies. By this approach, the availability of PU medications across the entire metropolitan area was revealed. 241 pharmacies were visited, out of which 192 respondents took part in the study. Approximately 83.3% of these pharmacies had pressure ulcer medications. Majority of the medications available in the community pharmacies visited were hydrophobic based dressings., while hydrophilic based dressings were less than 1%. Implying that patients having PU that produce scopious exudate will have challenges acquiring the necessary dressings to manage the wounds. The dressings which were mostly available, had other indications apart from Pressure Ulcer. Patronage of the available PU medications in the Accra metropolis was average. There are pressure ulcer medications available in pharmacies within the Accra metropolis of Ghana. Although the medications are averagely patronized, there are not many types available. Hydrophilic based dressings were not readily available.
压疮（PU）是由于血流病理变化导致皮肤和皮下组织长期受压而产生的。它们通常发生在因某些疾病而行动不便的人群中。癌症、心血管疾病等慢性病的发病率正在上升。如果这些疾病得不到充分治疗，可能会使患者丧失能力，长期卧床不起。这些人发生压疮的几率非常高。目前在加纳，关于压疮各个阶段治疗药物的信息并不容易获取。预防压疮一直是护理的目标，然而，如果预防护理不成功，就应该有有效且高效的药物来治疗压疮。该研究设计为描述性横断面研究。为了全面了解整个大都市压疮药物的供应情况，采用了分层抽样方法。将大都市地区内的10个区作为分层。确定每个区内的城镇并绘制地图。从每个城镇中随机选择社区药房。确保所选药房分布均匀（彼此相距一定距离）。研究人员必须从每个城镇的三家或更多药房收集数据。使用结构化问卷从这些药房工作的药剂师那里收集数据。通过这种方法，揭示了整个大都市地区压疮药物的供应情况。共走访了241家药房，其中192名受访者参与了研究。这些药房中约83.3%有压疮药物。在所走访的社区药房中，大多数可用药物是疏水基敷料，而亲水基敷料不到1%。这意味着患有产生大量渗出液的压疮患者在获取必要敷料来处理伤口方面会面临挑战。大多数可用的敷料除了用于压疮外还有其他适应症。加纳阿克拉大都市对现有压疮药物的使用情况一般。加纳阿克拉大都市的药房中有压疮药物。尽管这些药物的使用情况一般，但种类并不多。亲水基敷料不容易获得。
