Ding Yu, Ma Jianqin, Zhang Jianghui, Bai Yungang, Cui Bifeng, Hao Xiuping, Fu Guangtao, Zheng Ming, Ding Bangxin
College of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China.
Xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Drought and Water Hazard Defence Institute, Urumqi, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Oct 17;15:1487832. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1487832. eCollection 2024.
In arid areas, exploring new "dry sowing wet emergence (DSWE)" water-saving irrigation techniques may become one of the most important ways to reduce agricultural irrigation water use and improve economic efficiency.
The study was conducted in a two-year field trial in 2021 and 2022, setting up three seedling emergence rates (W1: 6 mm, W2: 10.5 mm, W3: 15 mm) and two drip frequencies (D1: 2 times, D2: 4 times) for a total of six irrigation combinations.
The results indicate that under the "DSWE" irrigation pattern, in contrast to the low frequency treatment, the photosynthetic efficiency of cotton leaves in the high-frequency treatment is significantly higher. The stomatal conductance of cotton leaves has increased by 6.67% within two years, and the net photosynthetic rate has risen by 12.22%. Compared with the CK treatment, there is no remarkable difference in the photosynthetic indicators of the W3D2 treatment, while the net photosynthetic rate has increased by 1.68%. The population physiological indicators of each treatment group exhibit a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing as the growth period prolongs. The differences in the group population physiological indicators of cotton at the seedling stage among different seedling water treatments are relatively minor. The high frequency treatment maintains a relatively high level throughout the growth period. Compared with the low-frequency treatment, the yields of lint cotton and seed cotton in the high-frequency treatment have increased by 14.77% and 20.89%, respectively. Compared with the winter irrigation technology, there are no significant differences in the cotton yield and quality indicators of the "DSWE" high-frequency and high-seedling water treatment (W3D2). Over two years, the average unit yields of lint and seed cotton have decreased by 1.95% and 3.01%, respectively. Nevertheless, irrigation water during the growth period declined by 38.46%. The appropriate "DSWE" irrigation technology (W3D2) can significantly enhance the physiological indicators of cotton, ensuring crop yield and quality while significantly reducing the amount of agricultural irrigation water.
在干旱地区，探索新的“干播湿出（DSWE）”节水灌溉技术可能成为减少农业灌溉用水和提高经济效益的最重要途径之一。
该研究于2021年和2022年进行了为期两年的田间试验，设置了三种出苗率（W1：6毫米，W2：10.5毫米，W3：15毫米）和两种滴灌频率（D1：2次，D2：4次），共六种灌溉组合。
结果表明，在“干播湿出”灌溉模式下，与低频处理相比，高频处理下棉花叶片的光合效率显著更高。两年内棉花叶片的气孔导度增加了6.67%，净光合速率提高了12.22%。与CK处理相比，W3D2处理的光合指标无显著差异，而净光合速率提高了1.68%。各处理组的群体生理指标随着生育期的延长呈现先增加后降低的趋势。不同苗期水分处理下棉花苗期群体生理指标差异相对较小。高频处理在整个生育期保持相对较高水平。与低频处理相比，高频处理的皮棉和籽棉产量分别提高了14.77%和20.89%。与冬灌技术相比，“干播湿出”高频高苗水处理（W3D2）的棉花产量和品质指标无显著差异。两年间，皮棉和籽棉平均单产分别下降了1.95%和3.01%。然而，生育期灌溉水量下降了38.46%。适宜的“干播湿出”灌溉技术（W3D2）能显著提高棉花的生理指标，在保证作物产量和品质的同时显著减少农业灌溉用水量。
