Fagan T C, Conrad K A, Mar J H, Nelson L
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986 Mar;39(3):255-60. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1986.35.
The ingestion of food is known to affect blood pressure and heart rate, but food is often allowed in patients under observation for antihypertensive drug effects. Seventy-seven patients with essential hypertension were observed for 8 hours after a 16-hour fast. Thirty-six continued to fast, 20 ate a high-carbohydrate meal, and 21 ate a meal of their own choice. Blood pressure and heart rate did not change during fasting, but both meals lowered mean supine and standing diastolic blood pressures during the subsequent 4 hours by 3 to 7 mm Hg (P less than 0.001). The high-carbohydrate meal reduced supine systolic blood pressure by 6 mm Hg (P less than 0.0001). Both meals increased supine and standing heart rates by 5 to 8 bpm (P less than 0.001). After the self-selected meal, standing systolic blood pressure increased in younger patients but decreased in older patients. Food ingestion during antihypertensive drug studies may interfere with the interpretation of results and should be avoided whenever possible.
已知摄入食物会影响血压和心率，但在观察抗高血压药物效果的患者中通常允许进食。对77例原发性高血压患者在禁食16小时后进行了8小时的观察。36例继续禁食，20例进食高碳水化合物餐，21例进食自选餐。禁食期间血压和心率没有变化，但两餐在随后4小时内均使平均仰卧位和站立位舒张压降低了3至7毫米汞柱（P小于0.001）。高碳水化合物餐使仰卧位收缩压降低了6毫米汞柱（P小于0.0001）。两餐均使仰卧位和站立位心率增加了5至8次/分钟（P小于0.001）。在进食自选餐后，年轻患者的站立位收缩压升高，而老年患者的则降低。在抗高血压药物研究期间摄入食物可能会干扰结果的解释，应尽可能避免。
