Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.
Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 1;19(11):e0298996. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298996. eCollection 2024.
Breast cancer is a global concern, with 2.3 million new cases and 685,000 deaths recorded in 2020, and projections of reaching 4.4 million cases by 2070. In Tanzania, it's the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, often diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor outcomes. Only 5% of women in the country report undergoing breast cancer screening, the aim study is to determine factors associated with breast cancer screening in Tanzania.
This was analytical cross-sectional study among women of reproductive age in Tanzania, utilizing data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) which employed a two-stage probability sampling. A weighted sample of 15,189 women of reproductive age (15-49) was included in the study. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with breast cancer screening. These results were presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval.
After controlling for other factors, the following factors remained significantly associated with breast cancer screening among women of reproductive age; age(AOR = 5.33, 95% CI 3.72, 7.63), being wealthy (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.61, 3.38), residing in rural(AOR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.46, 0.763), being educated(AOR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.60, 3.68), being insured(AOR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.89, 3.06), healthcare facility visits in the past 12 months(AOR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.14, 1.78) and living in Northern zone (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.42, 4.15) compared to western zone.
Breast cancer screening is still under-utilized and have shown to be marginalized in women of reproductive age. Upgrading diagnostic services, comprehensive health education and awareness campaigns are instrumental to increase utilization and reduction of burden of breast cancers in Tanzania.
乳腺癌是一个全球性的问题，2020 年全球新发病例 230 万例，死亡 68.5 万例，预计到 2070 年将达到 440 万例。在坦桑尼亚，乳腺癌是女性癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，通常在晚期诊断，导致预后不良。该国只有 5%的女性报告接受过乳腺癌筛查，本研究旨在确定与坦桑尼亚乳腺癌筛查相关的因素。
这是一项在坦桑尼亚育龄妇女中进行的分析性横断面研究，利用来自人口与健康调查（DHS）的数据，该调查采用两阶段概率抽样。研究纳入了 15189 名年龄在 15-49 岁的育龄妇女的加权样本。采用二元逻辑回归分析来研究与乳腺癌筛查相关的因素。这些结果以调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间表示。
在控制了其他因素后，以下因素与育龄妇女的乳腺癌筛查显著相关：年龄（AOR=5.33，95%CI3.72，7.63）、富有（AOR=2.34，95%CI1.61，3.38）、居住在农村（AOR=0.59，95%CI0.46，0.763）、受过教育（AOR=2.43，95%CI1.60，3.68）、有保险（AOR=2.40，95%CI1.89，3.06）、过去 12 个月内就诊于医疗机构（AOR=1.43，95%CI1.14，1.78）和居住在北部地区（AOR=2.43，95%CI1.42，4.15），与西部地区相比。
乳腺癌筛查的利用率仍然较低，并且在育龄妇女中已经显示出边缘化的趋势。升级诊断服务、全面的健康教育和宣传活动对于提高利用率和减少坦桑尼亚乳腺癌负担至关重要。
