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考虑铁磁非线性的表面嵌入式永磁轮毂电机电磁性能的解析预测

Analytical prediction of electromagnetic performance for surface-embedded permanent magnet in-wheel machines considering iron's nonlinearity.

作者信息

Zhang Heshan, Fan Mengwei, Qiao Jie, He Xianjin, Yang Minglei, Tuo Jiying

机构信息

College of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China.

China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 401122, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 1;14(1):26353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77261-5.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-77261-5
PMID:39487226
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11530465/
Abstract

Accurate magnetic field calculation is the premise of electromagnetic performance prediction. Conventional subdomain (SD) techniques assume that the iron's relative permeability is infinite, leading to falsely overestimated flux density. We propose an accurate magnetic field analytical model for permanent magnet (PM) in-wheel machines considering iron's magnetization nonlinearity and saturation. Specifically, according to the excitation source and topology, the entire solution domain of the machine is divided into sub-regions such as stator slots/teeth, stator slot-openings/tooth-tips, air-gap, and rotor slots/teeth, etc. Poisson's or Laplace's magnetic vector potential (MVP) equations are solved using Maxwell's electromagnetic theory and complex Fourier series methods in each sub-region. Specifically, in our approach, The Cauchy product theorem addresses the discontinuous magnetic permeability change at the slot and tooth interface. The machine's magnetic saturation effect is considered by combining the actual magnetization characteristics of iron with an iterative algorithm. The general solution for the MVP is solved using the boundary conditions between adjacent subregions. Subsequently, electromagnetic properties such as air-gap flux density, back electromotive force (EMF), and electromagnetic torque are obtained. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified by finite element analysis (FEA) and prototype tests, which proved that the proposed analytical model can consider the iron's nonlinearity and the magnetic saturation. In addition, the inaccurate overestimation of electromagnetic torque and air-gap magnetic flux density by the conventional SD techniques has also been proven.

摘要

精确的磁场计算是电磁性能预测的前提。传统的子域（SD）技术假设铁的相对磁导率为无穷大，导致磁通密度被错误地高估。我们提出了一种考虑铁的磁化非线性和饱和特性的永磁（PM）轮毂电机精确磁场分析模型。具体而言，根据激励源和拓扑结构，将电机的整个求解域划分为定子槽/齿、定子槽开口/齿尖、气隙和转子槽/齿等子区域。在每个子区域中，利用麦克斯韦电磁理论和复傅里叶级数方法求解泊松或拉普拉斯磁矢量势（MVP）方程。具体来说，在我们的方法中，柯西乘积定理解决了槽和齿界面处磁导率的不连续变化问题。通过将铁的实际磁化特性与迭代算法相结合来考虑电机的磁饱和效应。利用相邻子区域之间的边界条件求解MVP的通解。随后，获得气隙磁通密度、反电动势（EMF）和电磁转矩等电磁特性。通过有限元分析（FEA）和原型测试验证了分析模型的准确性，结果表明所提出的分析模型能够考虑铁的非线性和磁饱和特性。此外，还证明了传统SD技术对电磁转矩和气隙磁通密度的不准确高估。

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