Kjærvik Sophie L, Thomson Nicholas D, Fanti Kostas A
Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2025 Apr;54(4):917-927. doi: 10.1007/s10964-024-02106-3. Epub 2024 Nov 2.
While the impact of violent media on aggression is well established, less is known about how individual differences influence this relationship over time. This longitudinal study addresses that gap by examining whether narcissism and sex moderated the effect of violent media consumption and reactive and proactive aggression one year later. A sample of 2,284 adolescents from Cyprus (M = 16, SD = 0.89, 49.5% female) participated in this study. Hierarchical regressions, controlling for baseline levels of aggression and age, revealed distinct patterns: violent media and sex predicted reactive aggression, but narcissism did not. In contrast, violent media, sex, and narcissism all predicted proactive aggression. Notably, sex moderated the link between violent media and reactive aggression, with females showing a steeper increase than males. Both sex and narcissism moderated the violent media-proactive aggression association, with males being affected regardless of narcissism, while only highly narcissistic females showed an increase in proactive aggression. These findings show the importance of considering individual differences, such as sex and narcissism, to better understand how violent media influences different functions of aggression.
虽然暴力媒体对攻击性的影响已得到充分证实，但关于个体差异如何随时间影响这种关系的了解却较少。这项纵向研究通过考察自恋和性别是否会在一年后调节暴力媒体消费与反应性攻击和主动性攻击之间的关系，填补了这一空白。来自塞浦路斯的2284名青少年（平均年龄M = 16岁，标准差SD = 0.89，49.5%为女性）参与了这项研究。在控制了攻击行为和年龄的基线水平后进行的分层回归分析揭示了不同的模式：暴力媒体和性别可预测反应性攻击，但自恋则不能。相比之下，暴力媒体、性别和自恋都可预测主动性攻击。值得注意的是，性别调节了暴力媒体与反应性攻击之间的联系，女性的增幅比男性更大。性别和自恋都调节了暴力媒体与主动性攻击之间的关联，男性无论自恋程度如何都会受到影响，而只有高度自恋的女性主动性攻击有所增加。这些发现表明，考虑个体差异（如性别和自恋）对于更好地理解暴力媒体如何影响攻击行为的不同功能至关重要。
