Wüst Larissa N, Lasauskaite Ruta
Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2024 Dec;206:112461. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112461. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
We investigated the effects of sleep duration and light intensity on effort-related cardiovascular response. We predicted that due to reduced alertness after shortened sleep duration perceived task demand should increase which should lead to higher mental effort. Similarly, lower light intensity should also lead to lower alertness, and therefore to higher perceived task demand and therefore higher effort. Effort was operationalized as sympathetic beta-adrenergic impact on the heart and assessed through reactivity of the cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent two experimental sessions, one after 5 and one after 8 h of sleep opportunity in a counterbalanced order (within-person). Experimental lighting conditions (100 lx vs. 500 lx, within-person) were applied for 15 min, and for following 5-min modified auditory Sternberg task. In line with our hypothesis, results showed a stronger SBP (and DBP) reactivity after sleep restriction (ps < 0.001), indicating higher effort exertion. Contrary to our prediction, 500 lx light led to higher PEP reactivity compared to 100 lx (p = 0.032). Overall, our results provide the first experimental evidence that shorter sleep duration leads to higher mental effort.
我们研究了睡眠时间和光照强度对与努力相关的心血管反应的影响。我们预测，由于缩短睡眠时间后警觉性降低，感知到的任务需求会增加，这将导致更高的心理努力。同样，较低的光照强度也应导致较低的警觉性，从而导致更高的感知任务需求，进而产生更高的努力。努力程度通过交感神经β-肾上腺素能对心脏的影响来衡量，并通过心脏射血前期（PEP）和收缩压（SBP）的反应性进行评估。24名健康志愿者以平衡顺序（个体内）进行了两个实验环节，一个在睡眠机会为5小时后进行，另一个在睡眠机会为8小时后进行。实验光照条件（100勒克斯与500勒克斯，个体内）持续15分钟，随后进行5分钟的改良听觉斯特恩伯格任务。与我们的假设一致，结果显示睡眠受限后SBP（和DBP）反应性更强（p值<0.001），表明努力程度更高。与我们的预测相反，500勒克斯光照比100勒克斯光照导致更高PEP反应性（p = 0.032）。总体而言，我们的结果提供了首个实验证据，表明较短的睡眠时间会导致更高的心理努力。
