在肯尼亚西部 Siaya 县的实验棚中，PermaNet Dual 相对于 Interceptor G2 和 PermaNet 3.0 的功效。

Efficacy of PermaNet Dual compared to Interceptor G2 and PermaNet 3.0 in experimental huts in Siaya County, western Kenya.

机构信息

Research World Limited Company, Kisumu, Kenya.

Department of Zoology, School of Physical and Biological Science, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.

出版信息

Malar J. 2024 Nov 2;23(1):326. doi: 10.1186/s12936-024-05157-w.

BACKGROUND

Pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets have shown significant epidemiological impact over pyrethroid-only and pyrethroid plus piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) in Africa. A non-inferiority evaluation of PermaNet Dual, a new chlorfenapyr plus deltamethrin net, compared to Interceptor G2, was conducted in experimental huts in Siaya, Kenya against free-flying pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus.

METHODS

This study was an experimental hut trial, following a 7 by 7 Latin Square design. Seven treatments and seven sleepers were deployed in the experimental huts daily and rotated weekly and daily, respectively. Mosquitoes were collected every morning between 06:30 h and 08:30 h and were assessed for blood feeding and then monitored for immediate knockdown 1-h post collection and delayed mortality after 72 h. Differences in proportional outcomes were analysed using the blocked logistic regression model, while differences in numerical outcomes were analysed using the negative binomial regression model. Non-inferiority determination was performed based on World Health Organization (WHO) protocol.

RESULTS

Mortality at 72 h was 30.2% for PermaNet 3.0, 44.4% for the Interceptor G2 and 49.2% for the PermaNet Dual. Blood feeding was highest with PermaNet Dual at 15%, and least with PermaNet 3.0 at 10%. PermaNet Dual and Interceptor G2 had no significant differences in mortality (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.00-1.20) or blood feeding (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.33) and the lower confidence bounds were within the non-inferiority margins but for blood feeding, non-inferiority was relatively high to the upper 95% confidence bound. PermaNet Dual was non-inferior to the Interceptor G2 and superior to the PermaNet 3.0 nets in causing mortality but inferior to PermaNet 3.0 in blood feeding inhibition of the vectors.

CONCLUSION

PermaNet Dual met the WHO criteria for non-inferiority to Interceptor G2 and may be considered for deployment for public health use against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles vectors of malaria.

背景

在非洲，与仅含除虫菊酯和含增效醚的除虫菊酯相比，含氯氰菊酯的拟除虫菊酯蚊帐在流行病学上具有显著影响。本研究在肯尼亚 Siaya 的实验性棚屋中，对新型氯氰菊酯加氯菊酯蚊帐 PermaNet Dual 与 Interceptor G2 进行了非劣效性评估，该蚊帐针对的是自由飞行的对拟除虫菊酯具有抗药性的疟蚊 Anopheles funestus。

方法

这是一项实验性棚屋试验，采用 7×7 拉丁方设计。每天在实验性棚屋中部署七种处理方法和七名睡眠者，并分别每周和每日轮换。每天早上 06:30 到 08:30 收集蚊子，评估其吸血情况，然后在收集后 1 小时监测即时击倒情况，72 小时后监测延迟死亡率。采用带阻的逻辑回归模型分析比例结果的差异，采用负二项回归模型分析数值结果的差异。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）方案进行非劣效性判定。

结果

PermaNet 3.0 的 72 小时死亡率为 30.2%，Interceptor G2 的死亡率为 44.4%，PermaNet Dual 的死亡率为 49.2%。PermaNet Dual 的吸血率最高，为 15%，PermaNet 3.0 的吸血率最低，为 10%。PermaNet Dual 和 Interceptor G2 在死亡率（OR=1.10，95%CI 1.00-1.20）或吸血率（OR=1.18，95%CI 1.04-1.33）方面无显著差异，且置信区间下限均在非劣效性边界内，但对于吸血率，非劣效性相对接近置信区间上限的 95%。PermaNet Dual 在引起死亡率方面不劣于 Interceptor G2，优于 PermaNet 3.0 网，但在抑制病媒吸血方面劣于 PermaNet 3.0。