State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024 Nov 3;15(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s13287-024-03998-5.
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases leading to tooth loss in adults, and is characterized by the destruction of periodontal supporting structures. Traditional therapies for periodontitis cannot achieve ideal regeneration of the periodontal tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising approach to periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently, the prominent role of MSCs in this context has been attributed to microRNAs (miRNAs), which participate in post-transcriptional regulation and are crucial for various physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, they function as indispensable elements in extracellular vesicles, which protect them from degradation. In periodontitis, MSCs-derived miRNAs play a pivotal role in cellular proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis of periodontal tissues, regulating autophagy, providing anti-apoptotic effects, and mediating the inflammatory microenvironment. As a cell-free strategy, their small size and ability to target related sets of genes and regulate signaling networks predispose miRNAs to become ideal candidates for periodontal tissue regeneration. This review aims to introduce and summarize the potential functions and mechanisms of MSCs-derived miRNAs in periodontal tissue repair and regeneration.
牙周炎是导致成年人牙齿丧失的最常见口腔疾病之一，其特征是牙周支持组织的破坏。传统的牙周炎治疗方法无法实现牙周组织的理想再生。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是牙周组织再生的一种很有前途的方法。最近，MSCs 在这方面的突出作用归因于 microRNAs（miRNAs），它们参与转录后调控，对于各种生理和病理过程至关重要。此外，它们作为细胞外囊泡的不可或缺的组成部分，保护其免受降解。在牙周炎中，MSCs 来源的 miRNAs 在细胞增殖和分化、牙周组织血管生成、调节自噬、提供抗细胞凋亡作用以及调节炎症微环境方面发挥着关键作用。作为一种无细胞策略，miRNAs 体积小，能够靶向相关基因集并调节信号网络，使其成为牙周组织再生的理想候选物。本综述旨在介绍和总结 MSCs 来源的 miRNAs 在牙周组织修复和再生中的潜在功能和机制。
