Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2024 Oct 1;27(10):545-550. doi: 10.34172/aim.31287.
Annually, 3-8 million infants are born with congenital anomalies worldwide, ranging from 3% to 7% of births in different countries. This study aimed to investigate the nationwide epidemiological features of birth defects in Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in six major regions across Iran. The data sources were the maternity facilities affiliated with regional universities of medical sciences. All children were examined by obstetricians, pediatricians, or midwives at birth, and newborns were followed until discharge from the facility for health status, maturity, and congenital defects.
A total of 138,643 births were registered in the maternity facilities across the study regions. Among these newborns, 3,458 cases were diagnosed with congenital anomalies, representing an overall prevalence rate of 249.4 per 10000 births (95% CI: 241.2-257.8). Genital organ anomalies exhibited the highest rates of defects in the country with 92.7 per 10000 births (95% CI: 86.4-98.9), followed by limb anomalies at 83.3 per 10000 births (95% CI: 77.4-89.3). The prevalence of respiratory system, chromosomal, and urinary tract anomalies was less than 10 per 10000 births.
Until a national registry for congenital anomalies is established, this study provides essential data on the magnitude of the health problems caused by congenital anomalies in Iran. The findings would be vital for planning and evaluating antenatal screening for birth defects, particularly for high-risk groups and regions in the country.
全球每年有 300 万至 800 万婴儿出生时患有先天性畸形，不同国家的发病率在 3%至 7%之间。本研究旨在调查伊朗全国范围内出生缺陷的流行病学特征。
本横断面研究在伊朗六个主要地区进行。数据来源是隶属于区域医科大学的产妇保健机构。所有儿童均由产科医生、儿科医生或助产士在出生时进行检查，新生儿在离开机构前接受健康状况、成熟度和先天性缺陷的随访。
在研究地区的产妇保健机构共登记了 138643 例分娩。在这些新生儿中，有 3458 例被诊断为先天性畸形，总患病率为 249.4/10000 例（95%CI：241.2-257.8）。生殖器器官畸形是该国发病率最高的缺陷，为 92.7/10000 例（95%CI：86.4-98.9），其次是肢体畸形，为 83.3/10000 例（95%CI：77.4-89.3）。呼吸系统、染色体和泌尿系统畸形的患病率低于 10/10000 例。
在建立全国先天性畸形登记册之前，本研究提供了伊朗先天性畸形引起的健康问题严重程度的重要数据。这些发现对于规划和评估产前筛查出生缺陷，特别是对该国高风险群体和地区具有重要意义。
