Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Management of Pain Associated With Hysteroscopy: A Systematic Review.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy is a simple, non-pharmacologic, and non-invasive analgesic intervention that involves the application of electric currents over an area of pain to stimulate underlying nerves. The methodology behind TENS is based on theories of pain perception and processing such as the gate control theory, descending inhibition, and release of endogenous opioids. TENS has also been shown to play a role in the management of pain for gynecologic procedures such as hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy is an increasingly popular diagnostic and interventional procedure, but its associated pelvic pain is a significant obstacle for patients. This systematic review aims to identify if TENS is an effective analgesic modality during hysteroscopy.