Nakagawa Yuki, Ono Miki, Morishita Chihiro, Honyashiki Mina, Tamada Yu, Fujimura Yota, Higashi Shinji, Hashimoto Naoki, Inoue Takeshi, Masuya Jiro
Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center Tokyo Japan.
PCN Rep. 2024 Nov 3;3(4):e70031. doi: 10.1002/pcn5.70031. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Various risk factors, such as childhood nurturing experiences and subjective social status, have been identified to be involved in the onset of depression. However, the mechanism of depression is not yet fully understood. In this study, we hypothesized that nurturing experienced in childhood affects subjective social status and current personality traits, which in turn influence depressive symptoms in adulthood, and verified this hypothesis through structural equation modeling.
A questionnaire survey was conducted on 404 adults. Multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted using demographic information and scores for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Parental Bonding Instrument, and NEO Five-Factor Inventory.
Subjective social status was found to mediate the association between nurturing experiences and neuroticism (0.029 for Overprotection and -0.034 for Care). On the other hand, neuroticism was found to mediate the association between subjective social status and depressive symptoms (-0.097 in Care model and -0.103 in Overprotection model), as well as the association between nurturing experiences and depressive symptoms (0.144 for Overprotection and -0.134 for Care). Furthermore, it was also shown that complex paths, in which the association of nurturing experiences with depressive symptoms was mediated by two factors, namely, subjective social status and neuroticism, were statistically significant as indirect effects (0.016 for Overprotection and -0.018 for Care).
In this study, we clarified that nurturing experienced in childhood affects neuroticism in adulthood, which is mediated by subjective social status, and furthermore, the effects of nurturing on neuroticism lead to varying levels of depressive symptoms in adulthood. The mediation effects demonstrated in the present study may contribute towards unraveling the causes of depression and developing effective treatments for depressive symptoms.
已确定多种风险因素，如童年养育经历和主观社会地位，与抑郁症的发病有关。然而，抑郁症的发病机制尚未完全明确。在本研究中，我们假设童年时期的养育经历会影响主观社会地位和当前的人格特质，进而影响成年后的抑郁症状，并通过结构方程模型验证了这一假设。
对404名成年人进行了问卷调查。使用人口统计学信息以及患者健康问卷-9、父母教养方式问卷和大五人格量表的得分进行多元回归分析和结构方程模型分析。
发现主观社会地位在养育经历与神经质之间起中介作用（过度保护维度为0.029，关爱维度为-0.034）。另一方面，神经质在主观社会地位与抑郁症状之间起中介作用（关爱模型中为-0.097，过度保护模型中为-0.103），同时也在养育经历与抑郁症状之间起中介作用（过度保护维度为0.144，关爱维度为-0.134）。此外，还表明养育经历与抑郁症状之间的关联由主观社会地位和神经质这两个因素介导的复杂路径作为间接效应具有统计学意义（过度保护维度为0.016，关爱维度为-0.018）。
在本研究中，我们阐明了童年时期的养育经历会影响成年后的神经质，这一过程由主观社会地位介导，此外，养育对神经质的影响会导致成年后出现不同程度的抑郁症状。本研究中显示的中介效应可能有助于揭示抑郁症的病因并开发针对抑郁症状的有效治疗方法。
