新冠疫情期间巴西和德国大学生抑郁症状及社会情感方面的跨国比较：两项横断面调查结果
Cross-country comparison of depressive symptoms and social-emotional aspects in university students from Brazil and Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from two cross-sectional surveys.
作者信息
Prado Aneliana da Silva, Baldofski Sabrina, Kohls Elisabeth, Bianchi Alessandra Sant'Anna, Oda Fernanda Suemi, Freitas Joanneliese de Lucas, Rummel-Kluge Christine
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; and Campus Curitiba, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
出版信息
BJPsych Open. 2024 Nov 4;10(6):e193. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2024.762.
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected students' mental health, increasing pre-existing psychosocial vulnerabilities. University students worldwide have presented differences in their mental health status; however, cross-country studies comparing students' mental health during the pandemic are lacking.
AIMS
To investigate potential differences between university students from Brazil and those from Germany with respect to (a) depressive symptoms and alcohol and drug consumption, (b) social and emotional aspects (loneliness, self-efficacy, perceived stress, social support and resilience) and (c) attitudes towards vaccination.
METHOD
Two online cross-sectional studies were conducted with university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil (November 2021 to March 2022) and in Germany (April to May 2022). Depressive symptoms, alcohol consumption, loneliness, self-efficacy, perceived stress, social support, resilience, sociodemographic information and attitudes towards vaccination were assessed. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate models.
RESULTS
The total sample comprised = 7911 university students, with = 2437 from Brazil and = 5474 from Germany. Brazilian students presented significantly more depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts, higher levels of perceived stress, higher frequency of drug or substance consumption, and lower levels of perceived social support and resilience than German students, whereas German students presented higher levels of loneliness than Brazilian students. A more favourable opinion towards vaccinations in general was found among Brazilian students compared with German students.
CONCLUSIONS
In both countries, low-threshold (online) counselling targeting university students is needed. The differences between the samples could indicate country and/or cultural differences which justify further research in this area.
背景
新冠疫情对学生的心理健康产生了负面影响，加剧了原有的心理社会脆弱性。世界各地的大学生心理健康状况存在差异；然而，缺乏比较疫情期间学生心理健康状况的跨国研究。
目的
调查巴西和德国大学生在以下方面的潜在差异：（a）抑郁症状、酒精和药物消费；（b）社会和情感方面（孤独感、自我效能感、感知压力、社会支持和心理韧性）；（c）对疫苗接种的态度。
方法
在新冠疫情期间，对巴西（2021年11月至2022年3月）和德国（2022年4月至5月）的大学生进行了两项在线横断面研究。评估了抑郁症状、酒精消费、孤独感、自我效能感、感知压力、社会支持、心理韧性、社会人口统计学信息和对疫苗接种的态度。使用单变量和双变量模型对数据进行分析。
结果
总样本包括7911名大学生，其中2437名来自巴西，5474名来自德国。与德国学生相比，巴西学生表现出更多的抑郁症状和自杀念头、更高的感知压力水平、更高的药物或物质消费频率，以及更低的感知社会支持和心理韧性水平，而德国学生的孤独感水平高于巴西学生。与德国学生相比，巴西学生对疫苗接种总体上持更积极的态度。
结论
在这两个国家，都需要针对大学生的低门槛（在线）咨询服务。样本之间的差异可能表明国家和/或文化差异，这为该领域的进一步研究提供了依据。
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