[Traumatology of the midface--diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for the practicing ENT physician from the viewpoint of the anesthesiologist].

Maxillofacial injuries are often seen in patients with multiple injury. The principal problem is control of the airway and treatment of shock. Surgical procedure and anaesthetic management have to consider the priority of stabilization of vital functions. Injury and shock lead to alterations in circulation, lung function, and electrolyte balances, which the anaesthesist has to bear in mind. Orotracheal intubation should be performed primarily, the definite control of the airway depends on the degree of trauma and the expected course. If the patient requires longterm ventilation a tracheostomy is indicated during early treatment.