Jiang Wanyue, Qian Wenli, Xie Tong, Yu Xinyi, Liu Xiaoyan, Wang Jianping
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China.
Death Stud. 2024 Nov 4:1-15. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2024.2420242.
Parents who experience the trauma of losing an only child are called "shidu" parents in China. There are individual differences in post-loss outcomes.1,061 Chinese shidu parents were asked to complete questionnaires assessing prolonged grief, post-traumatic stress, and depressive symptoms. The mean age of the sample was 59.68 ( = 7.52), with the average time since the loss was 9.46 years ( = 7.05). Most participants were female (62.3%). The main cause of the loss was an unnatural case (52.7%). Latent profile analysis was used to identify similar symptom patterns. Network analysis was used to explore the relationships among symptoms within different subgroups. A two-profile model based on symptom severity identified a "low symptom severity" subgroup ( = 419) and a "high symptom severity" subgroup ( = 642). In the low symptom severity subgroup network, the most central symptoms were loss of interest, feeling numb, and meaninglessness. In the high symptom severity subgroup network, the most central symptoms were physiological cue reactivity, emotional pain, and feeling easily startled. Individual differences in the post-loss outcomes of Chinese shidu parents are reflected not only in symptom patterns but also in the relationships among symptoms.
在中国，经历失去独生子女创伤的父母被称为“失独”父母。丧亲后的结果存在个体差异。1061名中国失独父母被要求完成评估持续性悲伤、创伤后应激和抑郁症状的问卷。样本的平均年龄为59.68岁（标准差=7.52），自丧亲以来的平均时间为9.46年（标准差=7.05）。大多数参与者为女性（62.3%）。丧亲的主要原因是非自然情况（52.7%）。采用潜在剖面分析来识别相似的症状模式。采用网络分析来探索不同亚组内症状之间的关系。基于症状严重程度的双剖面模型识别出一个“低症状严重程度”亚组（n=419）和一个“高症状严重程度”亚组（n=642）。在低症状严重程度亚组网络中，最核心的症状是兴趣丧失、麻木感和无意义感。在高症状严重程度亚组网络中，最核心的症状是生理线索反应性、情感痛苦和易惊感。中国失独父母丧亲后结果的个体差异不仅体现在症状模式上，还体现在症状之间的关系上。
