Department of Public Health Nutrition, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie City, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie City, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 4;19(11):e0300598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300598. eCollection 2024.
Lack of sunlight exposure is the primary reason for the worldwide epidemic of vitamin D deficiency. There was a meta-analysis conducted under the title of Knowledge and Practice of Mothers towards sunshine exposure of their children in Ethiopia. However, studies conducted on factors associated with sunlight exposure practice among infants showed non-conclusive and inconsistent findings. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of good sunlight exposure practice and its associated factors among infants in Ethiopia.
All articles were systematically searched by PubMed, Hinari, Global Health and CINAHL, Epistemonikos, African Journal of Online (AJOL), Google Scholar and Google. All studies, until the end of May 30, 2023, were included in this review. Pure qualitative studies and studies in which the outcome was not reported were excluded from the review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was used. Meta-analysis was conducted by using STATA 17 software. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence of good sunlight exposure practices. A random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence, while subgroup analysis was performed to identify the possible source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by begg's and Egger's tests. We use Trim and fill analysis was used to treat the publication bias.
This review involved 14 studies and 6,121 participants. The pooled prevalence of good sunlight exposure practice among infants in Ethiopia was 53.46% (95%CI: 45.98, 60.95). Mothers had PNC follow-up [OR = 2.22 (95% CI: 1.31, 3.47)], mothers with secondary and above educational status [OR = 4.17, (95% CI: 1.73, 10.06)], employed mothers [OR = 3.72, (95% CI: 2.71, 5.11)], urban residence [OR = 2.67, (95% CI: 1.17, 6.08)] and not fear of sunlight exposure [OR = 4.08, (95% CI: 1.44, 16.00)] were positively associated with good sunlight exposure practice.
The pooled prevalence of good sunlight exposure practices among infants in Ethiopia is low. Had postnatal care follow-up, being urban residents, mother's employment status, mother's educational status and not fear of sunlight exposure were independent factors of good sunlight exposure practice among infants. Therefore, health professionals create awareness for mothers to increase postnatal follow-up, and the importance of health education especially for rural residents.
缺乏阳光照射是维生素 D 缺乏症在全球流行的主要原因。曾有一项名为“母亲对儿童阳光照射的认识和实践”的埃塞俄比亚母婴阳光照射知识和实践的荟萃分析。然而，对婴儿阳光照射实践相关因素的研究结果并不一致。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估埃塞俄比亚婴儿良好阳光照射实践的普遍流行率及其相关因素。
通过 PubMed、Hinari、全球健康和 CINAHL、Epistemonikos、非洲在线杂志（AJOL）、谷歌学术和谷歌系统地搜索所有文章。本综述纳入了截至 2023 年 5 月 30 日结束的所有研究。排除了仅为纯定性研究和未报告结局的研究。使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南。使用 STATA 17 软件进行荟萃分析。森林图用于呈现良好阳光照射实践的汇总流行率。使用随机效应模型计算汇总流行率，同时进行亚组分析以确定可能的异质性来源。使用 begg 和 Egger 检验评估发表偏倚。我们使用 Trim 和填充分析来处理发表偏倚。
本综述共纳入 14 项研究，涉及 6121 名参与者。埃塞俄比亚婴儿良好阳光照射实践的汇总流行率为 53.46%（95%CI：45.98, 60.95）。母亲有产后护理随访[比值比（OR）=2.22（95%CI：1.31, 3.47）]、母亲具有中学及以上学历[OR=4.17（95%CI：1.73, 10.06）]、母亲就业[OR=3.72（95%CI：2.71, 5.11）]、母亲居住在城市[OR=2.67（95%CI：1.17, 6.08）]和不害怕阳光照射[OR=4.08（95%CI：1.44, 16.00）]与良好阳光照射实践呈正相关。
埃塞俄比亚婴儿良好阳光照射实践的总体流行率较低。接受产后护理随访、居住在城市、母亲就业状况、母亲教育程度和不害怕阳光照射是婴儿良好阳光照射实践的独立因素。因此，卫生专业人员应提高母亲对产后随访的认识，并加强健康教育，特别是对农村居民。
