The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Department of Clinical Hematology and Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Nov 1;103(44):e40380. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040380.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the accumulation of immature myeloid precursor cells. Over half of AML patients fail to achieve long-term disease-free survival under existing therapy, and the overall prognosis is poor, necessitating the urgent development of novel therapeutic approaches. The plant alkaloid homoharringtonine (HHT), which has anticancer properties, was first identified more than 40 years ago. It works in a novel method of action that prevents the early elongation phase of protein synthesis. HHT has been widely utilized in the treatment of AML, with strong therapeutic effects, few toxic side effects, and the ability to enhance AML patients' prognoses. In AML, HHT can induce cell apoptosis through multiple pathways, exerting synergistic antitumor effects, according to clinical and pharmacological research. About its modes of action, some findings have been made recently. This paper reviews the development of research on the mechanisms of HHT in treating AML to offer insights for further research and clinical therapy.
急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤，其特征是不成熟的髓系前体细胞的积累。超过一半的 AML 患者在现有治疗下无法实现长期无病生存，整体预后较差，因此迫切需要开发新的治疗方法。植物生物碱高三尖杉酯碱（HHT）具有抗癌特性，它在 40 多年前首次被发现。它的作用机制是阻止蛋白质合成的早期延伸阶段。HHT 已广泛应用于 AML 的治疗，具有较强的治疗效果、较少的毒副作用，并能改善 AML 患者的预后。在 AML 中，HHT 可以通过多种途径诱导细胞凋亡，根据临床和药理学研究，发挥协同抗肿瘤作用。关于其作用机制，最近有了一些发现。本文综述了 HHT 治疗 AML 的作用机制研究进展，为进一步的研究和临床治疗提供思路。
