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Proximal and distal minority stressors and mental health among young gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Kisumu, Kenya.

作者信息

Harper Gary W, Hong Chenglin, Jauregui Juan C, Odhiambo Elijah Ochieng, Jadwin-Cakmak Laura, Olango Kennedy, Rivet Amico K, Tucker Heather M, Lyons Myla, Odero Wilson, Graham Susan M

机构信息

Department of Health Behavior and Health Equity, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.

出版信息

Am J Community Psychol. 2024 Dec;74(3-4):249-261. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12767. Epub 2024 Nov 4.


DOI:10.1002/ajcp.12767
PMID:39497273
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11673837/
Abstract

Young gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Kenya experience pervasive intersectional stigma and discrimination, contributing to elevated levels of negative mental health symptoms. Grounded in the Minority Stress Model, this paper explores associations of proximal and distal minority stressors with three types of negative mental health outcomes among young HIV-negative GBMSM (n = 63) between the ages of 19-34 who participated in a pilot trial of a sexual health intervention. Using the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PC-PTSD-5 screening measures, levels of clinically significant symptoms were reported as follows: 15.8% depressive symptoms, 12.7% anxiety symptoms, 31.7% posttraumatic stress symptoms. Results from stepwise linear regression analyses suggest that GBMSM-related stigma (distal stressor) was the strongest correlate for all three mental health outcomes, and concealment motivation (proximal stressor) was an additional significant correlate only in the depressive symptoms model. These findings should be viewed with caution and seen as initial observations given the small sample which limits our interpretations of the findings. Structural-level interventions are needed to decrease GBMSM's exposure to intersectional stigma and discrimination, such as decriminalization of same-sex sexual activity, as well as individual and group-level interventions that assist GBMSM with improving their adaptive coping strategies.

摘要

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Proximal and distal minority stressors and mental health among young gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Kisumu, Kenya.

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Mental health and its drivers in lesbian, bisexual and queer-identifying women at a South African higher education institution: a qualitative study.

BMC Glob Public Health. 2025-9-2

本文引用的文献

[1]
Impact of enacted stigma on mental health, substance use, and HIV-related behaviors among sexual minority men in Zambia.

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024-2

[2]
Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa.

BMJ Open. 2024-2-12

[3]
Burden and risk factors of mental and substance use disorders among adolescents and young adults in Kenya: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

EClinicalMedicine. 2023-12-21

[4]
"What if I get sick, where shall I go?": a qualitative investigation of healthcare engagement among young gay and bisexual men in Nairobi, Kenya.

BMC Public Health. 2024-1-2

[5]
Psychometric evaluation of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 among community health volunteers and nurses/midwives in Kenya following a nation-wide telephonic survey.

Front Psychiatry. 2023-5-30

[6]
"You'll Be Chased Away": Sources, Experiences, and Effects of Violence and Stigma among Gay and Bisexual Men in Kenya.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023-2-5

[7]
Moderators of LGBQ-affirmative cognitive behavioral therapy: ESTEEM is especially effective among Black and Latino sexual minority men.

J Consult Clin Psychol. 2023-3

[8]
Associations between punitive policies and legal barriers to consensual same-sex sexual acts and HIV among gay men and other men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry, respondent-driven sampling survey.

Lancet HIV. 2023-3

[9]
Validation of the English and Swahili Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Use Among Adolescents in Kenya.

J Adolesc Health. 2023-1

[10]
Depression and anxiety symptoms amongst kenyan adolescents: Psychometric Properties, Prevalence Rates and Associations with Psychosocial Wellbeing and Sociodemographic factors.

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2022-11

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