Silva Marcos Jessé Abrahão, Brasil Thiago Pinto, Silva Caroliny Soares, Frota Cristiane Cunha, Sardinha Daniele Melo, Figueira Luiza Raquel Tapajós, Neves Keitty Anne Silva, Dos Santos Everaldina Cordeiro, Lima Karla Valéria Batista, Ghisi Nédia de Castilhos, Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Ph.D and Master Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 21;15:1497319. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1497319. eCollection 2024.
Leprosy is a chronic and disabling infectious disease caused by . It has a wide clinical spectrum and is operationally classified into paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) cases. There is evidence that the gene can be used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for complementary detection with high sensitivity and specificity. However, there is no literature convention on its diagnostic correspondence regarding the particular operational classification of the disease. This study aimed to correlate, through a meta-analysis, the detection rate of leprosy between the PCR method with the gene in the clinical forms PB and MB in relation to confirmed cases.
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis study conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, using the search descriptors with "AND": "Leprosy"; "Polymerase Chain Reaction"; "" in the PUBMED, SciELO, LILACS, and Science Direct databases. The search was limited to original observational articles in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, with no defined time frame. The methodological quality assessment of the selected articles was performed using the JBI checklists. A scientometric approach to the article using used the VOS Viewer and Scimago Graphica software. The meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analyses software, under Pearson's Correlation effect test and fixed effect model and subgroup analysis concerning the type of sample analyzed.
The study was significant from the perspective of the paucibacillary group (Clinical biopsy: -0.45 [95% CI= -0.63 - -0.22], < 0.001/ Slit smear skin: -0.52 [95% CI= -0.65 - -0.36], < 0.001 / Overall: -0.50 [95% CI= -0.61 - -0.37], < 0.001). The PCR diagnostic method for the16S rRNAgene ofM. lepraehas low viability and diagnostic sensitivity in both clinical biopsy samples and leprosy skin smears.
This implies little validation of it as a PCR target gene for diagnosing the disease, highlighting limitations in the actual technique.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024588790.
麻风病是一种由……引起的慢性致残性传染病。它具有广泛的临床谱，在操作上分为少菌型（PB）和多菌型（MB）病例。有证据表明，……基因可用于聚合酶链反应（PCR），以进行高灵敏度和特异性的补充检测。然而，关于该基因在麻风病特定操作分类中的诊断对应性，尚无文献惯例。本研究旨在通过荟萃分析，关联PCR方法检测麻风杆菌……基因在PB和MB临床类型中相对于确诊病例的检出率。
这是一项根据PRISMA 2020指南进行的系统评价和荟萃分析研究，在PUBMED、SciELO、LILACS和Science Direct数据库中使用搜索描述词“AND”：“麻风病”；“聚合酶链反应”；“……”。搜索仅限于葡萄牙语、英语或西班牙语的原始观察性文章，无明确时间框架。使用JBI清单对所选文章进行方法学质量评估。使用VOS Viewer和Scimago Graphica软件对文章进行科学计量分析。使用综合荟萃分析软件进行荟萃分析，采用Pearson相关效应检验、固定效应模型以及关于分析样本类型的亚组分析。
从少菌型组的角度来看，该研究具有显著性（临床活检：-0.45 [95%置信区间=-0.63 - -0.22]，P<0.001/皮肤涂片：-0.52 [95%置信区间=-0.65 - -0.36]，P<0.001 /总体：-0.50 [95%置信区间=-0.61 - -0.37]，P<0.001）。麻风杆菌16S rRNA基因的PCR诊断方法在临床活检样本和麻风病皮肤涂片中的可行性和诊断敏感性都较低。
这意味着将其作为诊断该疾病的PCR靶基因几乎没有得到验证，凸显了实际技术中的局限性。
