Filippa Manuela, Lordier Lara, Lejeune Fleur, De Almeida Joana Sa, Hüppi Petra Susan, Barcos-Munoz Francisca, Monaci Maria Grazia, Borradori-Tolsa Cristina
Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Development and Growth, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2024 Oct 21;15:1443080. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1443080. eCollection 2024.
Few studies have found long-term effects of early musical environmental enrichment in the NICU on preterm infant's development. This study examines how early music enrichment affects emotional development and effortful control abilities in 12- and 24-month-old very preterm (VPT) infants.
One hundred nineteen newborns were recruited, including 83 VPTs and 36 full-term (FT) infants. The VPT infants were randomly assigned to the music intervention (44 VPT-Music) or control (39 VPT-control) groups. VPT-Music infants listened specifically designed music intervention from the 33rd week of gestation until hospital discharge. At 12 and 24 months, children were clinically evaluated using the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery, and at 24 months, with 3 additional episodes of the Effortful Control Battery.
Our analysis showed that during a fear eliciting task, the VPT-Music group expressed lower level of fear reactivity and higher positive motor actions than VPT-controls and FT infants. At 24 months, the VPT-music group had lower scores for negative motor actions in the joy task, compared to both VPT-control and FT groups. In addition, both FT and VPT-music had higher scores of sustained attention compared to VPT-controls, but the contrasts were not significant. No significant effects on mental, language and motor outcomes were identified and for all three dimensions of the ECBQ.
The present study suggests that an early music intervention in the NICU might influence preterm children's emotional processing at 12 and 24 months. Limitations and suggestions for future research are highlighted.
很少有研究发现新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）早期音乐环境丰富对早产儿发育的长期影响。本研究探讨早期音乐丰富如何影响12个月和24个月大的极早产儿（VPT）的情绪发展和努力控制能力。
招募了119名新生儿，包括83名VPT婴儿和36名足月儿（FT）。VPT婴儿被随机分配到音乐干预组（44名VPT-音乐组）或对照组（39名VPT-对照组）。VPT-音乐组婴儿从妊娠第33周开始听专门设计的音乐干预，直至出院。在12个月和24个月时，使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版（Bayley-III）和实验室气质评估量表对儿童进行临床评估，在24个月时，还进行了另外3次努力控制量表测试。
我们的分析表明，在恐惧诱发任务中，VPT-音乐组比VPT-对照组和FT婴儿表现出更低水平的恐惧反应性和更高的积极运动行为。在24个月时，与VPT-对照组和FT组相比，VPT-音乐组在快乐任务中的消极运动行为得分更低。此外，与VPT-对照组相比，FT组和VPT-音乐组的持续注意力得分更高，但差异不显著。未发现对心理、语言和运动结果以及早期儿童行为问卷（ECBQ）的所有三个维度有显著影响。
本研究表明，NICU中的早期音乐干预可能会影响12个月和24个月大早产儿的情绪处理。文中强调了本研究的局限性及对未来研究的建议。
