Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2024 Nov 1;23(11):376-380. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000001206.
This review article explores the multifaceted aspects of early specialization in diving, focusing on its implications for injury prevalence, performance, and mental health. It highlights the increasing trend of early specialization driven by ambitions for collegiate and Olympic success, despite recommendations advocating for diversification. Divers are at risk for acute and overuse injuries, particularly during high-velocity water entries; however, data on injury patterns, especially among elite divers and early specializers, remains scarce. Recent data suggest a correlation between early specialization and reduced rates of certain injuries among youth divers, but distinguishing between acute and overuse injuries is crucial. Additionally, early specialization may pose mental health risks, with divers facing pressures related to performance, body image, and parental expectations. This article underscores the need for tailored guidelines to mitigate injury risks and promote holistic well-being among youth divers, recognizing the complex interplay between physical and psychological factors in sports specialization.
这篇综述文章探讨了潜水早期专业化的多方面问题，重点关注其对受伤发生率、表现和心理健康的影响。它强调了尽管有建议提倡多样化，但由于追求大学和奥运会成功的雄心壮志，早期专业化的趋势日益增加。潜水员面临急性和过度使用伤害的风险，尤其是在高速入水时；然而，有关伤害模式的数据，特别是在精英潜水员和早期专门化者中，仍然很少。最近的数据表明，早期专业化与青年潜水员某些伤害发生率降低之间存在相关性，但区分急性和过度使用伤害至关重要。此外，早期专业化可能带来心理健康风险，潜水员面临与表现、身体形象和父母期望相关的压力。本文强调了需要制定针对性的指导方针，以减轻青年潜水员的受伤风险，促进他们的整体健康，同时认识到体育专业化中生理和心理因素之间的复杂相互作用。
