Bakan Sevinç, Gezmen Karadağ Makbule
Health Science Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
Health Science Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Am Nutr Assoc. 2025 Mar-Apr;44(3):245-255. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2422476. Epub 2024 Nov 5.
There is no consensus on the ideal frequency of meals for the prevention and treatment of obesity. While some studies have reported that increasing meal frequency might be beneficial in the treatment of obesity due to its positive effects on glycemic regulation, appetite and diet quality, other studies have reported negative effects. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of meal frequency on body composition, anthropometric measurements, some of the biochemical parameters and diet quality in overweight/obese adults.
A total of 91 individuals, all overweight/obese, between the ages of 18-64, including 46 consuming 2 main meals (2MMG) and 45 consuming 3 main meals (3MMG) participated in the study. General characteristics and dietary habits of the individuals were obtained with a questionnaire. A 3-day food consumption record was taken to determine their daily energy and nutrient intake and to evaluate their diet quality with the "Healthy Eating Index 2015". Anthropometric measurements of the individuals were performed, body compositions were analyzed and some blood parameters were evaluated.
The median values of body weight, lean body mass (kg), total body water, basal metabolic rate and hip circumference of men in the 3MMG were found to be higher than men in the 2MMG ( < 0.05). The anthropometric measurements and body composition components of women were similar between the two groups ( > 0.05). The renal urea nitrogen and total cholesterol values of women in 2MMG were higher than those of women in the 3MMG. In the regression analysis, a 1-unit increase in the number of main meals was determined to lead to a 9.3 points increase in the total score of HEI 2015.
Regular consumption of main meals may have positive effects on diet quality, some of the biochemical parameters, basal metabolic rate and body composition in overweight/obese adults. In this group, which is known to have incorrect food preferences in general, it is important to plan the number of meals and the content of these meals correctly.
关于预防和治疗肥胖症的理想进餐频率尚无共识。虽然一些研究报告称，增加进餐频率可能因其对血糖调节、食欲和饮食质量的积极影响而对肥胖症治疗有益，但其他研究则报告了负面影响。本研究旨在探讨进餐频率对超重/肥胖成年人身体成分、人体测量指标、一些生化参数和饮食质量的影响。
共有91名年龄在18 - 64岁之间的超重/肥胖个体参与了该研究，其中46人每天吃两顿主餐（2MMG组），45人每天吃三顿主餐（3MMG组）。通过问卷调查获取个体的一般特征和饮食习惯。记录3天的食物摄入量，以确定他们的每日能量和营养摄入量，并使用“2015年健康饮食指数”评估他们的饮食质量。对个体进行人体测量，分析身体成分并评估一些血液参数。
发现3MMG组男性的体重、瘦体重（kg）、总体水、基础代谢率和臀围的中位数高于2MMG组男性（P < 0.05）。两组女性的人体测量指标和身体成分相似（P > 0.05）。2MMG组女性的肾尿素氮和总胆固醇值高于3MMG组女性。在回归分析中，确定主餐次数每增加1个单位，HEI 2015总分会增加9.3分。
规律食用主餐可能对超重/肥胖成年人的饮食质量、一些生化参数、基础代谢率和身体成分产生积极影响。在这个总体上已知有不正确食物偏好的群体中，正确规划进餐次数和餐食内容很重要。
