Zhang Ke, Wang Jiayi, Wu Yuekun, Zhang Di, Yang Chenxin, Wu Hui
School of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
International Academy of Red Cross & Red Crescent, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Nov 5;23(1):804. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02448-0.
Psychiatric nurses often encounter patients with mental health disorders and consequently experience prolonged periods of high stress, increased workload, and frequent incidents of workplace violence. These aspects can lead to a higher incidence of poor sleep quality. This study examined the interplay between workplace violence and emotional labour (surface and deep acting) to suggest measures for enhancing sleep quality among psychiatric nurses.
A total of 300 completed and valid online questionnaires were collected. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to measure sleep quality, Workplace Violence Scale (WVS) to measure the occurrence of workplace violence, and Emotional Labour Scale to measure surface and deep acting. The data were analysed using Hayes' PROCESS macro with SPSS. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in sleep quality and emotional labour (surface and deep acting) between psychiatric nurses with different demographics.
The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) was 55% among the nurses. Surface acting in emotional labour partially mediated the relationship between workplace violence and sleep quality(a1b1=0.035,95%CI: 0.002, 0.079), whereas deep acting had a suppressive effect(a2b2=-0.033,95%CI: -0.071, -0.003). Occupational identity had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between workplace violence and surface acting(Effect=0.091,95%CI: 0.004, 0.179).
The relationship between workplace violence and poor sleep quality was partially mediated by surface acting and suppressed by deep acting. Moreover, nurses with higher occupational identity engaged in more surface acting after workplace violence. Workplace violence, surface acting, and deep acting emerged as significant factors influencing sleep quality among psychiatric nurses. Deep acting can reduce the impact of workplace violence on sleep quality. The results provide a new and expanded view of the interplay between workplace violence and emotional labour concerning sleep quality. Interprofessional collaboration with clinicians, administrators, educators, and spiritual leaders can contribute to the development of related education and training.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200062347. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=173264.
精神科护士经常接触患有精神健康障碍的患者，因此经历长时间的高压力、工作量增加以及频繁的工作场所暴力事件。这些因素会导致睡眠质量差的发生率更高。本研究探讨了工作场所暴力与情绪劳动（表面伪装和深层伪装）之间的相互作用，以提出提高精神科护士睡眠质量的措施。
共收集了300份完整且有效的在线问卷。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数来测量睡眠质量，工作场所暴力量表（WVS）来测量工作场所暴力的发生情况，以及情绪劳动量表来测量表面伪装和深层伪装。使用Hayes的PROCESS宏与SPSS对数据进行分析。独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析用于比较不同人口统计学特征的精神科护士在睡眠质量和情绪劳动（表面伪装和深层伪装）方面的差异。
护士中睡眠质量差（PSQI＞5）的患病率为55%。情绪劳动中的表面伪装部分介导了工作场所暴力与睡眠质量之间的关系（a1b1 = 0.035，95%CI：0.002，0.079），而深层伪装具有抑制作用（a2b2 = -0.033，95%CI：-0.071，-0.003）。职业认同感对工作场所暴力与表面伪装之间的关系具有正向调节作用（效应 = 0.091，95%CI：0.004，0.179）。
工作场所暴力与睡眠质量差之间的关系部分由表面伪装介导，而被深层伪装抑制。此外，职业认同感较高的护士在经历工作场所暴力后会表现出更多的表面伪装。工作场所暴力、表面伪装和深层伪装是影响精神科护士睡眠质量的重要因素。深层伪装可以减少工作场所暴力对睡眠质量的影响。研究结果为工作场所暴力与情绪劳动在睡眠质量方面的相互作用提供了新的、更全面的视角。与临床医生、管理人员、教育工作者和精神领袖的跨专业合作有助于开展相关的教育和培训。
中国临床试验注册中心ChiCTR2200062347。https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=173264。
