Ma Shijie, Huang Xiaorong, Zhao Xiaoqing, Liu Lilong, Zhang Li, Gan Binjie
Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
Front Genet. 2024 Oct 22;15:1473717. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1473717. eCollection 2024.
Low temperature chilling is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting growth and yield of . With global climate change, the risk of cold damage in wheat production has increased. In recent years, with the extensive research on wheat chilling resistance, especially the development of genetic engineering technology, the research on wheat chilling resistance has made great progress. This paper describes the mechanism of wheat cold damage, including cell membrane injury, cytoplasmic concentration increased as well as the imbalance of the ROS system. Mechanisms of cold resistance in wheat are summarised, including hormone signalling, transcription factor regulation, and the role of protective enzymes of the ROS system in cold resistanc. Functions of cloned wheat cold resistance genes are summarised, which will provide a reference for researchers to further understand and make use of cold resistance related genes in wheat. The current cold resistant breeding of wheat relies on the agronomic traits and observable indicators, molecular methods are lacked. A strategy for wheat cold-resistant breeding based on QTLs and gene technologies is proposed, with a view to breeding more cold-resistant varieties of wheat with the deepening of the research.
低温冷害是影响小麦生长和产量的主要非生物胁迫之一。随着全球气候变化，小麦生产中遭受冷害的风险增加。近年来，随着对小麦抗寒性研究的广泛开展，特别是基因工程技术的发展，小麦抗寒性研究取得了很大进展。本文阐述了小麦冷害的机制，包括细胞膜损伤、细胞质浓度增加以及活性氧系统失衡。总结了小麦的抗寒机制，包括激素信号传导、转录因子调控以及活性氧系统保护酶在抗寒中的作用。总结了克隆的小麦抗寒基因的功能，这将为研究人员进一步了解和利用小麦抗寒相关基因提供参考。目前小麦抗寒育种依赖农艺性状和可观测指标，缺乏分子方法。提出了基于QTL和基因技术的小麦抗寒育种策略，以期随着研究的深入培育出更多抗寒小麦品种。
