Ji Xiaoyu, Liu Shuzhen, Li Shiyong, Li Xing, Luo Ailin, Zhang Xue, Zhao Yilin
Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, China.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2024 Dec;84(8):843-856. doi: 10.1002/jdn.10387. Epub 2024 Nov 6.
This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted roles of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in early brain development. GABA, traditionally recognized for its inhibitory functions in the mature brain, also exhibits excitatory effects during early neural development. This article explores the mechanisms behind GABA's dual roles, detailing its impact on the properties of the immature brain, the mechanisms of GABA-mediated excitation, the role of GABA-mediated presynaptic inhibition, the trophic actions of GABA during early development, GABA regulation of neurite growth and GABA-mediated cell differentiation in the immature brain. Emphasizing recent research findings, the review highlights the significance of GABAergic signalling in shaping the developing brain and its potential implications for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders.
这篇综述全面探讨了γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）在大脑早期发育中的多方面作用。GABA传统上被认为在成熟大脑中具有抑制功能，但在早期神经发育过程中也表现出兴奋作用。本文探讨了GABA双重作用背后的机制，详细阐述了其对未成熟大脑特性的影响、GABA介导的兴奋机制、GABA介导的突触前抑制作用、GABA在早期发育过程中的营养作用、GABA对神经突生长的调节以及GABA介导的未成熟大脑细胞分化。该综述强调了近期研究结果，突出了GABA能信号在塑造发育中大脑方面的重要性及其对理解神经发育障碍的潜在意义。
