Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2024 Nov;35(11):e14272. doi: 10.1111/pai.14272.
Allergen component resolved diagnosis (CRD) is a method for identifying specific protein molecules that cause hypersensitivity. Unlike traditional methods that use crude allergen extracts containing multiple component species, CRD focuses on individual allergen protein molecules for more precise diagnosis. The World Allergy Organization (WAO) recommends CRD as a supplement to clinical history and allergen extract testing, and in some cases, it can replace crude extract tests.
CRD involves the use of natural or recombinant proteins to detect specific IgE antibodies directed at individual allergenic components. This method allows for a more detailed analysis of a patient's allergic response compared to the use of whole allergen extracts. The Allergy Prevention and Control Specialty Committee of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, in collaboration with multidisciplinary experts, developed an expert consensus that incorporates the consensus of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), WAO, and important domestic literature on CRD in recent years.
The consensus aims to standardize the algorithm of allergen diagnosis and provides a reference for clinical practice. It also offers guidance for clinicians on the common protein families identified by CRD, the scenarios where CRD is applicable, and the significance of detecting common allergen components.
Despite its potential, CRD is not widely used in clinical practice in China due to the lack of allergen component reagents and a general unawareness among clinicians about CRD's application and interpretation of test results. The expert consensus developed by the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association aims to address this gap and enhance the clinical application of CRD in China.
过敏原组分分辨诊断（CRD）是一种鉴定引起过敏反应的特定蛋白质分子的方法。与使用含有多种成分的粗过敏原提取物的传统方法不同，CRD 专注于单个过敏原蛋白质分子，以实现更精确的诊断。世界过敏组织（WAO）建议将 CRD 作为临床病史和过敏原提取物测试的补充，在某些情况下，它可以替代粗提取物测试。
CRD 涉及使用天然或重组蛋白来检测针对个别过敏原成分的特异性 IgE 抗体。与使用整个过敏原提取物相比，这种方法可以更详细地分析患者的过敏反应。中国预防医学会过敏预防与控制专业委员会与多学科专家合作，制定了一项专家共识，该共识结合了欧洲过敏与临床免疫学学会（EAACI）、WAO 的共识以及近年来关于 CRD 的重要国内文献。
该共识旨在规范过敏原诊断的算法，并为临床实践提供参考。它还为临床医生提供了关于 CRD 鉴定的常见蛋白质家族、CRD 适用的情况以及检测常见过敏原成分的意义的指导。
尽管具有潜力，但由于缺乏过敏原组分试剂以及临床医生对 CRD 的应用和测试结果解释缺乏普遍认识，CRD 在我国临床实践中尚未广泛应用。中国预防医学会制定的专家共识旨在弥补这一差距，增强 CRD 在我国的临床应用。
