Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Núcleo de Estudos, Pesquisa, Extensão e Assistência à Pessoa Trans Professor Roberto Farina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2024 Nov 4;33(spe1):e2024371. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e2024371.especial.en. eCollection 2024.
To describe the distribution of nutritional status and food insecurity among the adult transgender population in the Baixada Santista region of the state of São Paulo and to identify associated factors.
This was a cross-sectional study using data from the research project entitled Mapping the Transgender Population in Baixada Santista of the state of São Paulo, conducted through a structured questionnaire administered between August and December 2023. The outcomes were nutritional status and food and nutrition insecurity (FNI). The association analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.
A total of 237 people took part in the study. High prevalence of FNI was associated with an income of less than 2 minimum wages (p < 0.001), difficulty finding a job (p < 0.001) and lack of family support related to gender (p = 0.001). Difficulty reading/writing (p = 0.025) and proximity to an open-air market (p = 0.033) were negatively or positively associated with adequate nutritional status, respectively.
The high prevalence of FNI among the most vulnerable population and the adequate nutritional status associated with proximity to open-air markets indicate the need for policies aimed at reducing inequities and expand access to adequate food.
描述圣保罗州 Baixada Santista 地区成年跨性别者群体的营养状况和食物不安全分布情况，并确定相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，使用了 2023 年 8 月至 12 月期间开展的题为“描绘圣保罗州 Baixada Santista 地区跨性别者群体”的研究项目的数据。研究采用结构化问卷进行。结局指标为营养状况和食物及营养不安全（FNI）。采用 Fisher 确切检验进行关联分析。
共有 237 人参与了这项研究。FNI 的高患病率与收入低于 2 个最低工资（p<0.001）、找工作困难（p<0.001）和缺乏与性别相关的家庭支持（p=0.001）有关。读写困难（p=0.025）和靠近露天市场（p=0.033）分别与适当的营养状况呈负相关或正相关。
最弱势群体中 FNI 的高患病率和与靠近露天市场相关的适当营养状况表明，需要制定政策来减少不平等，扩大对充足食物的获取。
