Nie Penghui, Hu Liehai, Feng Xiaoyan, Xu Hengyi
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330200, China.
Nutr Rev. 2025 May 1;83(5):908-924. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae157.
The microbiota in humans consists of trillions of microorganisms that are involved in the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract and immune and metabolic homeostasis. The gut microbiota (GM) has a prominent impact on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This process is reciprocal, constituting a crosstalk process between the GM and MetS. In this review, GM directly or indirectly inducing MetS via the host-microbial metabolic axis has been systematically reviewed. Additionally, the specifically altered GM in MetS are detailed in this review. Moreover, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as unique gut microbial metabolites, have a remarkable effect on MetS, and the role of SCFAs in MetS-related diseases is highlighted to supplement the gaps in this area. Finally, the existing therapeutics are outlined, and the superiority and shortcomings of different therapeutic approaches are discussed, in hopes that this review can contribute to the development of potential treatment strategies.
人体内的微生物群由数万亿微生物组成，这些微生物参与胃肠道的调节以及免疫和代谢稳态。肠道微生物群（GM）对代谢综合征（MetS）的发病机制具有显著影响。这个过程是相互的，构成了GM与MetS之间的一个相互作用过程。在这篇综述中，对GM通过宿主 - 微生物代谢轴直接或间接诱导MetS进行了系统综述。此外，本综述详细阐述了MetS中特异性改变的GM。而且，短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）作为独特的肠道微生物代谢产物，对MetS有显著影响，本文强调了SCFAs在MetS相关疾病中的作用，以补充该领域的空白。最后，概述了现有的治疗方法，并讨论了不同治疗方法的优缺点，希望这篇综述能够为潜在治疗策略的开发做出贡献。
