Poudel Sabina, Chakraborty Debolina, Prasad Rishi
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104467. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104467. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
Several amendments have been used to reduce ammonia (NH) emissions from broiler litter (BL); however, a comparative study between amendments and their application rates has not been fully explored. This study evaluated the potential of biochar (B), zeolite (Z), Flue Gas Desulphurization-Gypsum (FGD-G), and sodium bisulfate (S) at four application rates in reducing NH emissions from BL. The treatments comprised of amendment types (4) and their application rates (4), and a control with no amendment for a total of 17 treatments replicated twice and arranged in a completely randomized design. The treatments were incubated at 30 °C for 40 days at a moisture content of 40% (w/w), and NH emissions were measured every day for the first 10 days and 3 days intervals afterward for 40 days. Results showed that the application of 13 and 17% B (w/w) reduced cumulative NH emissions by 41 and 46%, respectively, compared to control over a 40-day period. Zeolite application at 8 and 11% reduced NH by 20 and 33%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the different rates of FGD-G, and they were generally less effective; however, a 15% FGD-G rate reduced NH by 9.1%. Application of S at rates of 2, 4, 6, and 7% significantly reduced NH emissions by 91, 99, 100, and 100 %, respectively. The effectiveness of amendments to reduce ammonia emissions followed the order: S > B > Z > FGD-G. These findings contribute to an ongoing effort to identify non-acidic amendments to minimize NH emissions in broiler houses.
已有多种改良剂用于减少肉鸡粪便（BL）中的氨（NH）排放；然而，改良剂及其施用量之间的比较研究尚未得到充分探讨。本研究评估了生物炭（B）、沸石（Z）、烟气脱硫石膏（FGD-G）和硫酸氢钠（S）在四种施用量下减少BL中NH排放的潜力。处理包括改良剂类型（4种）及其施用量（4种），以及一个不使用改良剂的对照，总共17个处理，重复两次，采用完全随机设计。将处理在30℃下以40%（w/w）的水分含量培养40天，在开始的10天每天测量NH排放，之后40天每隔3天测量一次。结果表明，在40天的时间里，与对照相比，施用13%和17%（w/w）的B分别使NH累积排放量减少了41%和46%。施用8%和11%的沸石分别使NH减少了20%和33%。不同施用量的FGD-G之间没有显著差异，它们通常效果较差；然而，15%的FGD-G施用量使NH减少了9.1%。以2%、4%、6%和7%的比例施用S分别使NH排放量显著减少了91%、99%、100%和100%。改良剂减少氨排放的效果顺序为：S > B > Z > FGD-G。这些发现有助于持续努力确定非酸性改良剂，以尽量减少肉鸡舍中的NH排放。
