Dep. Crop and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Georgia, 3111 Miller Plant Sciences Bldg., Athens, GA 30605.
USDA-ARS U.S. National Poultry Research Center, 950 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605.
Poult Sci. 2017 Aug 1;96(8):2676-2683. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex044.
A major concern of the broiler industry is the volatilization of ammonia (NH3) from the mixture of bedding material and broiler excretion that covers the floor of broiler houses. Gypsum has been proposed as a litter amendment to reduce NH3 volatilization, but reports of NH3 abatement vary among studies and the mechanism responsible for decreasing NH3 volatilization is not well understood. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding 20 or 40% flue-gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) to broiler litter on pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water potential, urea-degrading bacteria abundance, NH3 and carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution, and nitrogen (N) mineralization in several 21-d experiments. The addition of FGDG to broiler litter increased EC by 24 to 33% (P < 0.0001), decreased urea-degrading bacteria by 48 to 57% (P = 0.0001) and increased N mineralization by 10 to 11% (P = 0.0001) as compared to litters not amended with FGDG. Furthermore, the addition of FGDG to broiler litter decreased NH3 volatilization by 18 to 28% (P < 0.0001), potentially resulting from the significantly lower litter pH values compared to un-amended litter (P < 0.0001). Findings of this study indicate that amending broiler litter with 20% FGDG can decrease NH3 volatilization and increase the fertlizer value of broiler litter.
肉鸡养殖业的一个主要关注点是垫料和肉鸡排泄物混合物中氨气（NH3）的挥发，这些混合物覆盖着肉鸡舍的地面。石膏已被提议作为一种垫料添加剂，以减少 NH3 的挥发，但不同研究报告的 NH3 减排效果差异很大，而且减少 NH3 挥发的机制也不太清楚。本研究的目的是评估在肉鸡垫料中添加 20%或 40%的烟气脱硫石膏（FGDG）对 pH 值、电导率（EC）、水势、尿素降解菌丰度、NH3 和二氧化碳（CO2）释放以及氮（N）矿化的影响在几个 21 天的实验中。与未添加 FGDG 的垫料相比，FGDG 的添加使垫料的 EC 增加了 24%至 33%（P < 0.0001），使尿素降解菌减少了 48%至 57%（P = 0.0001），使 N 矿化增加了 10%至 11%（P = 0.0001）。此外，FGDG 的添加使肉鸡垫料的 NH3 挥发减少了 18%至 28%（P < 0.0001），这可能是由于与未添加 FGDG 的垫料相比，添加 FGDG 的垫料 pH 值显著降低（P < 0.0001）。本研究的结果表明，用 20%的 FGDG 改良肉鸡垫料可以减少 NH3 的挥发，提高肉鸡垫料的肥料价值。
