School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan.
University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan.
Food Chem. 2025 Feb 1;464(Pt 3):141750. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141750. Epub 2024 Oct 26.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid primarily biosynthesized in cereals, is vital to the human neurological system. As the primary neurotransmitter, it promotes relaxation, inhibits depression and sleeplessness, and regulates synaptic transmission and neuronal development. GABA also protects the liver, kidneys, and intestines, reduces blood pressure, and fights cancer and inflammation. Colorimetric and enzyme-based procedures, biosensors, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography primarily detect GABA. GABA content is enriched by treatments, like germination and fermentation, suitable and economical methods on industrial scales. Moreover, ultrasonication, abiotic stress, heat, and relative humidity are also utilized for GABA enrichment. With advancing technology and knowledge of the nutrients concerning human health, target-specific nutrition utilizing sustainable ingredients needs exploration. Conclusively, the current article delves into the latest developments in GABA enrichment and detection techniques and GABA's potential health benefits. Further studies are required to understand and refine enrichment procedures to develop GABA-enriched foods with health-promoting qualities.
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是一种非蛋白质氨基酸，主要在谷物中生物合成，对人类神经系统至关重要。作为主要的神经递质，它能促进放松、抑制抑郁和失眠、调节突触传递和神经元发育。GABA 还能保护肝脏、肾脏和肠道，降低血压，对抗癌症和炎症。比色法和基于酶的程序、生物传感器和高效液相色谱法主要用于检测 GABA。通过发芽和发酵等处理方法可以富集 GABA，这些方法在工业规模上是合适且经济的。此外，超声处理、非生物胁迫、热和相对湿度也可用于 GABA 的富集。随着技术的进步和对人类健康营养物质的认识，需要探索针对特定目标的、利用可持续成分的营养物质。总之，本文深入探讨了 GABA 富集和检测技术的最新进展以及 GABA 的潜在健康益处。需要进一步的研究来理解和完善富集程序，以开发具有促进健康特性的富含 GABA 的食品。
